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Construction aggregate, or simply aggregate, is a broad category of coarse- to medium-grained particulate material used in construction. Traditionally, it includes natural materials such as sand, gravel, crushed stone. As with other types of aggregates, it is a component of composite materials, particularly concrete and asphalt.
Construction aggregates consist of large chunks of material in a concrete mix, generally a coarse gravel or crushed rocks such as limestone, or granite, along with finer materials such as sand. Cement paste, most commonly made of Portland cement , is the most prevalent kind of concrete binder.
Aggregates are generally added to lower the amount of binders needed and to increase the strength of composite materials. Sand and gravel are used as construction aggregate with cement to make concrete and increase its mechanical strength. [1] Aggregates make up 60-80% of the volume of concrete and 70-85% of the mass of concrete. [2]
Regular concrete is the lay term for concrete that is produced by following the mixing instructions that are commonly published on packets of cement, typically using sand or other common material as the aggregate, and often mixed in improvised containers. The ingredients in any particular mix depends on the nature of the application.
Cement is seldom used on its own, but rather to bind sand and gravel together. Cement mixed with fine aggregate produces mortar for masonry, or with sand and gravel, produces concrete. Concrete is the most widely used material in existence and is behind only water as the planet's most-consumed resource. [2]
Gravel is a major basic raw material in construction. [24] Sand is not usually distinguished from gravel in official statistics, but crushed stone is treated as a separate category. In 2020, sand and gravel together made up 23% of all industrial mineral production in the U.S., with a total value of about $12.6 billion.
A twin shaft concrete mixer, which is common in concrete plants. The aggregate batcher, also named aggregate bins, is used for storage and to batch the sand, gravel and crushed stone of the concrete plant. There are also many types of aggregate batchers, but most of them measure aggregate by weighing.
Ready-mix concrete refers to concrete that is specifically manufactured for customers' construction projects, and supplied to the customer on site as a single product. It is a mixture of Portland or other cements, water and aggregates: sand, gravel, or crushed stone. [5]
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