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The earliest courtiers coincide with the development of definable courts beyond the rudimentary entourages or retinues of rulers. There were probably courtiers in the courts of the Akkadian Empire where there is evidence of court appointments such as that of cup-bearer which was one of the earliest court appointments and remained a position at courts for thousands of years. [3]
However, there is evidence of courts as described in the Neo-Assyrian Empire [2] and Zhou dynasty. [3] Two of the earliest titles referring to the concept of a courtier were likely the ša rēsi and mazzāz pāni of the Neo-Assyrian Empire. [4] In Ancient Egypt, there is a title translated as high steward or great overseer of the house. [5]
It was the core of the royal court, though this included many courtiers who were not directly employed by the monarch as part of the household. There were often large numbers of employees in the household, strictly differentiated by rank, from nobles with highly sought-after positions that gave close access to the monarch, to all the usual ...
Under Louis XIV, it is estimated that, depending on the day, between 3,000 and 10,000 courtiers [14] flocked to the court, in a highly heterogeneous and hierarchical society: some were there by birthright, others by social obligation, still others out of interest or curiosity, and still others to earn a living. [15]
The queen's male courtiers were supervised by the Ochmistrz, a nobleman, and the women of her court were supervised by the chief lady-in-waiting, the Ochmistrzyni (magister curiae). The Ochmistrzyni was defined as a state office and it was the only state office in Poland prior to the partition of Poland which was held by a woman.
A large team of royal courtiers and senior advisers have been called upon at Buckingham Palace and Clarence House in the wake of the Queen’s death. Many are vastly experienced, having worked for ...
Royal Court of Elizabeth I (1533−1603) — courtiers, diplomats, servants, and artisans at the Royal Court of England during the reign of Elizabeth I.
There are many examples of courtesans who, by remaining discreet and respectful to their benefactors, were able to extend their careers into or past middle age and retire financially secure; Catherine Walters is a good example. By the late 19th century, and for a brief period in the early 20th century, courtesans had reached a level of social ...