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The heat death of the universe (also known as the Big Chill or Big Freeze) [1] [2] is a hypothesis on the ultimate fate of the universe, which suggests the universe will evolve to a state of no thermodynamic free energy, and will therefore be unable to sustain processes that increase entropy.
The 1st-century bishop of Edessa predicted this date to be the birth date of the Antichrist and the end of the universe. [148] 23 Oct 1997 James Ussher: This 17th-century Irish archbishop predicted this date to be 6,000 years since creation and therefore the end of the world. [149] 31 Mar 1998 Hon-Ming Chen
This is a timeline of the Universe from the Big Bang to the heat death scenario. The different eras of the universe are shown. The heat death will occur in around 1.7×10 106 years, if protons decay. [citation needed]
By this time, the universe will have expanded by a factor of approximately 10 2554. [131] 1.1–1.2×10 14 (110–120 trillion) The time by which all stars in the universe will have exhausted their fuel (the longest-lived stars, low-mass red dwarfs, have lifespans of roughly 10–20 trillion years). [9]
2 × 10 12 (2 trillion) years. 2 × 10 12 (2 trillion) years from now, all galaxies outside the Local Supercluster will be redshifted to such an extent that even gamma rays they emit will have wavelengths longer than the size of the observable universe of the time. Therefore, these galaxies will no longer be detectable in any way. [4]
A problem with the cyclic universe is that it does not reconcile with the second law of thermodynamics, as entropy would build up from oscillation to oscillation and cause the eventual heat death of the universe. [citation needed] Current evidence also indicates the universe is not closed.
The universe should thus achieve, or asymptotically tend to, thermodynamic equilibrium, which corresponds to a state where no thermodynamic free energy is left, and therefore no further work is possible: this is the heat death of the universe, as predicted by Lord Kelvin in 1852.
At 18:54:49 UTC a long (7 min 12 s) total solar eclipse. 3991 July 25 At 02:29:22 UTC a long (7 min 18 s) total solar eclipse. 4009 August 4 At 10:00:56 UTC a long (7 min 12 s) total solar eclipse. 4285 August 6 Venus occults Regulus. 4296 November 22 Venus occults Antares. 4385 Comet Hale–Bopp is expected to return to the inner Solar System ...