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Vertical, metal furring is applied to the wall to create a channel and receive the siding material. In construction, furring (furring strips) are strips of wood or other material applied to a structure to level or raise the surface, to prevent dampness, to make space for insulation, to level and resurface ceilings or walls, [1] or to increase the beam of a wooden ship.
Steel studs are gaining popularity as a non-combustible alternative, especially for non load-bearing walls, and are required in some firewalls. In New Zealand, the required lumber size and spacing of wall studs are determined using NZS 3604 Timber-framed buildings table 8.2 for loadbearing walls and table 8.4 for non-loadbearing walls. [4]
Battens are also used in metal roofing to secure the sheets called a batten-seam roof and are covered with a batten roll joint. [2] Some roofs may use a grid of battens in both directions, known as a counter-batten system, which improves ventilation. Roofing battens are most commonly made of wood or metal, but can be made of other materials.
Robinson's system called for standard 2×4 lumber, nailed together to form a sturdy, light skeleton. Builders were reluctant to adopt the new technology; however, by the 1880s, some form of 2×4 framing was standard. [25] Alternatively, a precursor to the balloon frame may have been used by the French in Missouri as much as 31 years earlier. [17]
Structural clay tiles are manufactured in a variety of standard sizes, including 4 inches (10 cm), 6 inches (15 cm), 8 inches (20 cm), 10 inches (25 cm) and 12 inches (30 cm)thicknesses, and typically 12 inches (30 cm) x 12 inches (30 cm) or 12 inches (30 cm) x 8 inches (20 cm) face dimensions. [5]
Metal lath is available in 27-inch (69 cm) by 8-foot (240 cm) sheets. In Canada and the United States the laths were generally sawn, but in the United Kingdom and its colonies, riven or split hardwood laths of random lengths and sizes were often used. Early American examples featured split beam construction, as did examples put up in rural ...
Bostwick Steel Lath Company advertisement for steel truss loop type metal lath in 1920. Metal lath dates from the late 19th century and is used extensively today with plaster and stucco in home and commercial construction. In addition to providing a matrix to which the stucco can adhere, metal lath adds strength and rigidity. [citation needed ...
A standard metric (concrete) block is 190 mm wide, 390 mm long, and 190 mm high, which allows for 10 mm mortar joints in between bricks, giving a standard unit size of 200 mm square by 400 mm long. [3] A standard metric brick is 90 by 57 by 190 mm; with 10 mm of mortar, that produces a standard unit of 100 mm x 200 mm. [3]