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  2. Great Officers of State - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Officers_of_State

    Notes 1: Great Constable - Robert of Hauteville - Fabrizio Pignatelli d’Aragona, duke of Monteleone. The Gran Conestabile was the commander of the army, in charge of judging the cases of military relevance, he was the highest [25] officer of the Kingdom 2: Great Admiral - George of Antioch - Diego Pignatelli, prince of Castelvetrano

  3. Estates of the realm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estates_of_the_realm

    The estates of the realm, or three estates, were the broad orders of social hierarchy used in Christendom (Christian Europe) from the Middle Ages to early modern Europe. Different systems for dividing society members into estates developed and evolved over time. [1] [2]

  4. Feudalism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feudalism

    The adjective feudal was in use by at least 1405, and the noun feudalism was in use by the end of the 18th century, [4] paralleling the French féodalité.. According to a classic definition by François Louis Ganshof (1944), [1] feudalism describes a set of reciprocal legal and military obligations of the warrior nobility that revolved around the key concepts of lords, vassals and fiefs, [1 ...

  5. Caste politics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caste_politics

    The Panchayat is a local government unit that is in-charge of resources disbursement. The dominant caste groups monopolised leadership positions in the Panchayat, thus gaining more opportunities to government contracts, employment and funding. Access to police and judicial assistance also depends on which caste one belongs to.

  6. Encastellation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encastellation

    Encastellation (sometimes castellation, which can also mean crenellation) is the process whereby the feudal kingdoms of Europe became dotted with castles, from which local lords could dominate the countryside of their fiefs and their neighbours', and from which kings could command even the far-off corners of their realms.

  7. Castes in India: Their Mechanism, Genesis and Development

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castes_in_India:_Their...

    But, the caste is a "parcelling" of an already homogeneous unit, and the explanation of the genesis of caste is the explanation of this process of parcelling. [ 4 ] Ambedkar views that definitions of castes given by Émile Senart [ 5 ] John Nesfield , H. H. Risley and Dr Ketkar as incomplete or incorrect by itself and all have missed the ...

  8. Casta - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casta

    Similarly, Berta Ares' 2015 study on the Viceroyalty of Peru, notes that the term "casta" was barely used by colonial authorities which, according to her, casts doubt on the existence of a "caste system". Even by the 18th century, its use was rare and appeared in its plural form, "castas", characterized by its ambiguous meaning.

  9. Free company - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_company

    French troops being attacked by the Tard-Venus free company during the 1362 Battle of Brignais.. A free company (sometimes called a great company or, in French, grande compagnie) was an army of mercenaries between the 12th and 14th centuries recruited by private employers during wars.