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The presumption of innocence is a legal principle that every person accused of any crime is considered innocent until proven guilty.Under the presumption of innocence, the legal burden of proof is thus on the prosecution, which must present compelling evidence to the trier of fact (a judge or a jury).
In these cases courts generally assume the person was killed, even though the usual waiting time to declare someone dead has not elapsed. Sentell also says, "The element of peril accelerates the presumption of death." This rule was invoked after the attack on the World Trade Center, so that authorities could release death certificates. Although ...
The least dangerous assumption is an inclusive approach to educational policy and pedagogy.It holds that, "in the absence of conclusive data, educational decisions should be based on assumptions which, if incorrect, will have the least dangerous effect on the student".
Agent detection bias, the inclination to presume the purposeful intervention of a sentient or intelligent agent. Automation bias , the tendency to depend excessively on automated systems which can lead to erroneous automated information overriding correct decisions.
Closed-world assumption, the presumption that a statement that is true is also known to be true, and a statement not known to be true is false; Open-world assumption, assumption that the truth value of a statement may be true irrespective of whether or not it is known to be true
In classical rhetoric and logic, begging the question or assuming the conclusion (Latin: petītiō principiī) is an informal fallacy that occurs when an argument's premises assume the truth of the conclusion.
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Legal death is the recognition under the law of a particular jurisdiction that a person is no longer alive. [1] In most cases, a doctor's declaration of death (variously called) or the identification of a corpse is a legal requirement for such recognition.