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In computer programming, foreach loop (or for-each loop) is a control flow statement for traversing items in a collection. foreach is usually used in place of a standard for loop statement.
In computer programming, an iterator is an object that progressively provides access to each item of a collection, in order. [1] [2] [3]A collection may provide multiple iterators via its interface that provide items in different orders, such as forwards and backwards.
In computer programming, a naming convention is a set of rules for choosing the character sequence to be used for identifiers which denote variables, types, functions, and other entities in source code and documentation.
The end-loop marker specifies the name of the index variable, which must correspond to the name of the index variable at the start of the for-loop. Some languages (PL/I, Fortran 95, and later) allow a statement label at the start of a for-loop that can be matched by the compiler against the same text on the corresponding end-loop statement.
Folds can be regarded as consistently replacing the structural components of a data structure with functions and values. Lists, for example, are built up in many functional languages from two primitives: any list is either an empty list, commonly called nil ([]), or is constructed by prefixing an element in front of another list, creating what is called a cons node ( Cons(X1,Cons(X2,Cons ...
direct.h is a C/C++ header file provided by Microsoft Windows, which contains functions for manipulating file system directories. Some POSIX functions that do similar things are in unistd.h . Member functions
Generally, for C/C++ the include directive is used to include a header file, but can include any file. Although relatively uncommon, it is sometimes used to include a body file such as a .c file. The include directive can support encapsulation and reuse. Different parts of a system can be segregated into logical groupings yet rely on one ...
In an operating system, an example of namespace is a directory. Each name in a directory uniquely identifies one file or subdirectory. [9] As a rule, names in a namespace cannot have more than one meaning; that is, different meanings cannot share the same name in the same namespace.