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Bile acid malabsorption was first recognized in patients with ileal disease. [22] When other causes were recognized, and an idiopathic, primary form described, [23] a classification into three types was proposed: [24] Type 1: Bile acid malabsorption, secondary to ileal resection, or ileal inflammation (e.g. in Crohn's disease)
Persons with short bowel syndrome may have complications caused by malabsorption of vitamins and minerals, such as deficiencies in vitamins A, D, E, K, B 9 (folic acid), and B 12, calcium, magnesium, iron, and zinc. These may appear as anemia, hyperkeratosis (scaling of the skin), easy bruising, muscle spasms, poor blood clotting, and bone pain.
Prevalence, severity, and character of abdominal pain vary considerably among the various disease processes associated with intestinal malabsorption. For example, pain is common in patients with chronic pancreatitis or pancreatic cancer and Crohn's disease, but it is absent in many patients with coeliac disease or postgastrectomy malabsorption. [1]
[51] [87] [88] The American College of Gastroenterology recommends all people with symptoms of IBS be tested for coeliac disease. [89] Bile acid malabsorption is also sometimes missed in people with diarrhea-predominant IBS. SeHCAT tests suggest around 30% of people with D-IBS have this condition, and most respond to bile acid sequestrants. [90]
This list may not reflect recent changes. A. ... Bile acid malabsorption; Blind loop syndrome; ... Inflammatory bowel disease;
Vanishing bile duct syndrome is a loose collection of diseases leading to hepatic bile duct injury and eventual ductopenia. [1] ... Malabsorption;
Chronic diseases of malabsorption may affect the small intestine, including the autoimmune coeliac disease, infective tropical sprue, and congenital or surgical short bowel syndrome. Other rarer diseases affecting the small intestine include Curling's ulcer, blind loop syndrome, Milroy disease and Whipple's disease.
Serum 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one values vary during the day as bile acid synthetic rates have a diurnal rhythm. [2] Elevated values are found in patients with bile acid malabsorption and may be useful in the diagnosis of this condition as high values are associated with low SeHCAT retention. [3]