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(English translation) The provincial letters of Blaise Pascal. A new translation with historical introduction and notes by Rev. Thomas M'Crie, preceded by a life of Pascal, a critical essay, and a biographical notice. Edited by O. W. Wight. 1887. p. 480. Archived from the original on June 16, 2021 – via Open Library, Internet Archive.
The problem of points, also called the problem of division of the stakes, is a classical problem in probability theory.One of the famous problems that motivated the beginnings of modern probability theory in the 17th century, it led Blaise Pascal to the first explicit reasoning about what today is known as an expected value.
Etext of Pascal's Pensées (English, in various formats) Etext of Pascal's Lettres Provinciales (English) Etext of a number of Pascal's minor works (English translation) including, De l'Esprit géométrique and De l'Art de persuader. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Blaise Pascal", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of ...
Pascal, being a mathematician, was provoked and determined to solve the problem once and for all. He began to discuss the problem in the famous series of letters to Pierre de Fermat . Soon enough, they both independently came up with a solution.
Pierre de Fermat found how to solve the equation and in a 1657 letter issued it as a challenge to English mathematicians. [12] In a letter to Kenelm Digby, Bernard Frénicle de Bessy said that Fermat found the smallest solution for N up to 150 and challenged John Wallis to solve the cases N = 151 or 313. Both Wallis and William Brouncker gave ...
The Letter à un amy sur les parties du jeu de paume, that is, a letter to a friend on sets in the game of Tennis, published with the Ars Conjectandi in 1713. Between 1703 and 1705, Leibniz corresponded with Jakob after learning about his discoveries in probability from his brother Johann . [ 13 ]
In number theory, Fermat's Last Theorem (sometimes called Fermat's conjecture, especially in older texts) states that no three positive integers a, b, and c satisfy the equation a n + b n = c n for any integer value of n greater than 2. The cases n = 1 and n = 2 have been known since antiquity to have infinitely many solutions. [1]
Bernard Frénicle de Bessy (c. 1604 – 1674), was a French mathematician born in Paris, who wrote numerous mathematical papers, mainly in number theory and combinatorics.He is best remembered for Des quarrez ou tables magiques, a treatise on magic squares published posthumously in 1693, in which he described all 880 essentially different normal magic squares of order 4.