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HDDs transfer data at approximately 200 MB/s, depending on the rotational speed and location of data on the disk. Outer tracks allow faster transfer rates. [31] Random-access performance SSD random access times are typically below 0.1 ms. [32] HDD random access times range from 2.9 ms (high-end) to 12 ms (laptop HDDs). [33] Power consumption
The SSD controller will use free blocks on the SSD for garbage collection and wear leveling. The portion of the user capacity which is free from user data (either already TRIMed or never written in the first place) will look the same as over-provisioning space (until the user saves new data to the SSD).
i-RAM – a DRAM-based solid-state storage device produced by Gigabyte, operating as a SATA hard disk drive; Magnetic storage – the concept of storing data on a magnetised medium using different patterns of magnetisation; RAM drive – a block of random-access memory that the operating system treats as if it were secondary storage
The number of defective blocks in different chips within a NAND flash memory varies: a given chip could have all its data blocks worn out while another chip in the same device could have all its blocks still active. Global wear leveling addresses this problem by managing all blocks from all chips in the flash memory together―in a single pool.
A trim command (known as TRIM in the ATA command set, and UNMAP in the SCSI command set) allows an operating system to inform a solid-state drive (SSD) which blocks of data are no longer considered to be "in use" and therefore can be erased internally. [1] Trim was introduced soon after SSDs were introduced.
The drive circuitry usually has a small amount of memory, used to store the data going to and coming from the disk platters. The disk buffer is physically distinct from and is used differently from the page cache typically kept by the operating system in the computer's main memory. The disk buffer is controlled by the microcontroller in the ...
Using bcache makes it possible to have SSDs as another level of indirection within the data storage access paths, resulting in improved overall performance by using fast flash-based SSDs as caches for slower mechanical hard disk drives (HDDs) with rotational magnetic media. That way, the gap between SSDs and HDDs can be bridged – the costly ...
The number of program/erase (PE) cycles is limited. Because of these constraints SSD controllers write data to NAND flash memory in another order than the logical block order. This implies that the SSD controller must maintain a mapping table from host (logical) to NAND (physical) addresses. This mapping is usually called the L2P table.