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  2. Flight level - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight_level

    The rule affected only those aircraft operating under IFR when in level flight above 3,000 ft above mean sea level, or above the appropriate transition altitude, whichever is the higher, and when below FL195 (19,500 ft above the 1013.2 hPa datum in the UK, or with the altimeter set according to the system published by the competent authority in ...

  3. Maximum elevation figure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_Elevation_Figure

    Pilots are also required to ensure their planned route does not contravene the minimum flying altitude regulations contained in CAR 167. This restriction is normally 1000FT above populated or built-up areas and 500FT elsewhere. Procedures are different when flights are conducted under IFR, where LSALT is commonly used.

  4. Instrument flight rules - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrument_flight_rules

    ATC will assign altitudes in its initial clearance or amendments thereto, and navigational charts indicate minimum safe altitudes for airways. [ citation needed ] The approach portion of an IFR flight may begin with a standard terminal arrival route (STAR), describing common routes to fly to arrive at an initial approach fix (IAF) from which an ...

  5. En-route chart - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/En-route_chart

    En-route charts are divided into high and low versions, with information on airways and navaids for high- and low-altitude flight, respectively. The division between low altitude and high altitude is usually defined as the altitude that marks transition to flight levels (in the United States , this is taken to be 18,000 feet MSL by convention).

  6. Flight instruments - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight_instruments

    The cockpit of a Slingsby T-67 Firefly two-seat light airplane.The flight instruments are visible on the left of the instrument panel. Flight instruments are the instruments in the cockpit of an aircraft that provide the pilot with data about the flight situation of that aircraft, such as altitude, airspeed, vertical speed, heading and much more other crucial information in flight.

  7. Approach plate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Approach_plate

    An approach plate for the ILS or LOC approach to runway 14L at Cologne Bonn Airport, Germany.. Approach plates (or, more formally, instrument approach procedure charts) are the printed or digital charts of instrument approach procedures that pilots use to fly instrument approaches during instrument flight rules (IFR) operations.

  8. Airspace class (United States) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airspace_class_(United_States)

    MTRs are depicted on VFR sectional charts and IFR low-altitude en route charts to assist pilots in locating and avoiding them, but nonparticipating pilots are not restricted from flying within an MTR. [23] While the altitude limits of each route are not depicted on ordinary charts, the numbering system partially reveals this information.

  9. Aeronautical chart - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeronautical_chart

    An aeronautical chart is a map designed to assist in the navigation of aircraft, much as nautical charts do for watercraft, or a roadmap does for drivers. Using these charts and other tools, pilots are able to determine their position, safe altitude, best route to a destination, navigation aids along the way, alternative landing areas in case of an in-flight emergency, and other useful ...