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It often contains fingering charts, scales, exercises, and occasionally etudes. These exercises are often presented in different keys in ascending order to aid in difficulty, known as methodical progression, or to focus on isolated aspects like fluency, rhythm , dynamics , and articulation .
Fingering charts can be found for example in this reference. [1] In the case of finger systems for the clarinet, which are based on the Oehler system, one speaks today mostly of the German system, and of finger systems that are based on the Boehm system (clarinet), of the French system.
A substitute fingering is an alternative to the indicated fingering, not to be confused with finger substitution. Depending on the instrument, not all the fingers may be used. For example, saxophonists do not use the right thumb and string instruments (usually) only use the fingers and not the thumbs.
Multiphonic played on an oboe using alternative fingering Frequency spectrum of this sound. On woodwind instruments—e.g., saxophone, clarinet, oboe, bassoon, flute, and recorder—multiphonics can be produced either with new fingerings, by using different embouchures, or voicing the throat with conventional fingerings. There have been ...
The C key, a long key running along the back of the instrument (the side closest to the player) and operated by the right index finger. The A ♯ key, a short key running along the bottom of the instrument, operated by the left thumb. The G ♯ key, running across the top of the instrument and operated by the little finger of the left hand.
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The Albert system refers to a system of clarinet keywork and fingering developed by Eugène Albert. In the United Kingdom, it is known as the simple system. It has been largely replaced by the Boehm system and Oehler system. Big Band musician Jimmy Dorsey used a clarinet outfitted with the Albert system.
A special fingering combination causes the instrument to vibrate at two different pitches alternately, creating a warbling sound. A similar effect can also be created by 'humming' while playing a note. The use of overtones involves fingering one note but altering the air stream to produce another note which is an overtone of the fingered note ...