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The general formula for the kinetic energy is =, where v is the velocity of the bullet and m is the mass of the bullet. Although both mass and velocity contribute to the muzzle energy, the muzzle energy is proportional to the mass while proportional to the square of the velocity. The velocity of the bullet is a more important determinant of ...
Taylor himself acknowledged this, stating "in the case of soft-skinned non-dangerous game, such as is generally shot at medium to long ranges, theoretical mathematical energy may possibly prove a more reliable guide" and that his formula was designed to measure a cartridge's performance against the large, thick skinned, big boned elephant.
The rearward energy of the firearm is the free recoil and the forward energy of the bullet is the muzzle energy. The concept of free recoil comes from the tolerability of gross recoil energy. Trying to figure the net recoil energy of a firearm (also known as felt recoil) is a futile endeavor. Even if the recoil energy loss can be calculated ...
Energy in firing a firearm comes in many forms (thermal, pressure) but for understanding recoil what matters is kinetic energy, which is half mass multiplied by squared speed. For the recoiling gun, this means that for a given rearward momentum, doubling the mass halves the speed and also halves the kinetic energy of the gun, making it easier ...
The shooter is seated at least 15 feet (5 m) back from the pendulum (reducing the effects of muzzle blast on the pendulum) and a bullet is fired into the pendulum. To calculate the velocity of the bullet given the horizontal swing, the following formula is used: [9] = where:
The energy conversion efficiency of a firearm strongly depends on its construction, especially on its caliber and barrel length. However, for illustration, here is the energy balance of a typical small firearm for .300 Hawk ammunition: [1] Barrel friction 2%; Projectile motion 32%; Hot gases 34%; Barrel heat 30%; Unburned propellant 1%.
Between dinner parties, cookie exchanges and festive cocktails, most people report eating and drinking more than usual during the holidays, gaining on average 1 to 2 pounds of body weight. Now ...
Higher operating pressures of the cartridges like the 9×19mm major and .38 Super are preferred over, for instance, the .45 ACP, since it provides more gases for the compensator, dampening the felt recoil and muzzle rise more. Other handgun divisions are not permitted muzzle brakes, making 9 mm major and .38 Super uncommon outside open and ...