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In 2015 cardiomyopathy and myocarditis affected 2.5 million people. [6] Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy affects about 1 in 500 people while dilated cardiomyopathy affects 1 in 2,500. [3] [10] They resulted in 354,000 deaths up from 294,000 in 1990. [7] [11] Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia is more common in young people. [2]
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM, or HOCM when obstructive) is a condition in which muscle tissues of the heart become thickened without an obvious cause. [8] The parts of the heart most commonly affected are the interventricular septum and the ventricles . [ 10 ]
In short, the main criteria for the diagnosis of takotsubo cardiomyopathy are: the patient must have experienced a stressor before the symptoms began to arise; the patient's ECG reading must show abnormalities from a normal heart; the patient must not show signs of coronary blockage or other common causes of heart troubles; the levels of ...
425 Cardiomyopathy. 425.0 Endomyocardial fibrosis; 425.1 Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy; 425.2 Obscure cardiomyopathy of africa; 425.3 Endocardial fibroelastosis; 425.4 Other primary cardiomyopathies; 425.5 Alcoholic cardiomyopathy; 425.7 Nutritional and metabolic cardiomyopathy; 425.8 Cardiomyopathy in other diseases classified elsewhere
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A significant number of people with the condition have no symptoms. [5] Screening is a way of identifying HCM in immediate relatives of family members diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), and athletes as part of a sports medical. [2] Additional tests may also be performed in those who faint or have exertional chest pain. [2]
Those affected by arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy may not have any symptoms at all despite having significant abnormalities in the structure of their hearts. [6] If symptoms do occur, the initial presentation is often due to abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias) which in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy may take the form of palpitations, or blackouts. [7]
Non-lifestyle risk factors include a family history of cardiomegaly, coronary artery disease (CAD), congenital heart failure, atherosclerotic disease, valvular heart disease, exposure to cardiac toxins, sleep-disordered breathing (such as sleep apnea), sustained cardiac arrhythmias, abnormal electrocardiograms, and cardiomegaly on chest X-ray.