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Optimal Experience: Psychological studies of flow in consciousness, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-34288-0; Csikszentmihalyi, Mihaly (1990). Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience. New York: Harper and Row. ISBN 0-06-092043-2; Csikszentmihalyi, Mihaly (1994). The Evolving Self, New York: Harper Perennial. ISBN 0-06-092192-7
Furthermore, that aspect of flow is prone to change, so the self-reported experience of flow cannot be trusted as much. [110] Limited attention to negative aspects: Csikszentmihalyi's flow theory primarily focuses on positive aspects of the flow experience, emphasizing enjoyment, intrinsic motivation, and optimal performance.
Flow processes and peak experiences share several key characteristics (e.g. intense concentration, "centering of attention on a limited stimulus field", "altered time sense", "self-forgetfulness" and "need no goals or rewards external to itself"), [22] but there are also some essential differences: e.g., while peak experience denotes a high ...
In the 1970s, Csikszentmihalyi began studying flow, a state of absorption in which one's abilities are well-matched to the demands at-hand. He often refers to it as "optimal experience". [69] Flow is characterized by intense concentration, loss of self-awareness, a feeling of being perfectly challenged (neither bored nor
In the 1970s Csikszentmihalyi started to study flow, a state of absorption where one's abilities are well-matched to the demands at-hand. Flow is characterized by intense concentration, loss of self-awareness, a feeling of being perfectly challenged (neither bored nor overwhelmed), and a sense "time is flying".
Flow is the "ultimate eustress experience – the epitome of eustress". [8] Hargrove, Nelson and Cooper described eustress as being focused on a challenge, fully present and exhilarated, which almost exactly mirrors the definition of flow. [8] Flow is considered a peak experience or "the single most joyous, happiest, most blissful moment of ...
[1] [4] His father, Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, was a psychologist who coined the concept of psychological flow. After leaving Reed College in 1988, [citation needed] Csíkszentmihályi earned a BFA from the School of the Art Institute of Chicago (SIAC) and an MFA from the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) in 1998. [2]
The peak–end rule is a psychological heuristic in which people judge an experience largely based on how they felt at its peak (i.e., its most intense point) and at its end, rather than based on the total sum or average of every moment of the experience. The effect occurs regardless of whether the experience is pleasant or unpleasant.
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