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Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), also called alcohol-related liver disease (ARLD), is a term that encompasses the liver manifestations of alcohol overconsumption, including fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and chronic hepatitis with liver fibrosis or cirrhosis. [1]
The level of ethanol consumption that minimizes the risk of disease, injury, and death is subject to some controversy. [16] Several studies have found a J-shaped relationship between alcohol consumption and health, [17] [18] [2] [19] meaning that risk is minimized at a certain (non-zero) consumption level, and drinking below or above this level increases risk, with the risk level of drinking a ...
Liver damage can be caused by viruses, alcohol, medications, and other hepatotoxins. [12] Acetaminophen, found in many prescription and over-the-counter medications, is the most common drug that can cause liver damage if taken in a high dose or in conjunction with alcohol. [12] Many liver transplant patients require the transplant because of ...
A medical director of liver transplants in Colorado says he has noticed a worrying rise in the number of young people in their 20s and 30s who need liver transplants related to heavy alcohol use.
Alcohol is a risk factor for liver cancer, through cirrhosis. [76] [77] [78] "Cirrhosis results from scar formation within the liver, most commonly due to chronic alcohol use." [79] "Approximately 5 percent of people with cirrhosis develop liver cancer.
The National Cancer Institute says alcohol could also affect our body’s ability to absorb vitamins and nutrients that keep us healthy. We didn’t widely know this when the U.S. first ...
Females are more susceptible to alcohol-associated liver injury and are therefore at higher risk of alcohol-associated hepatitis. [7] Certain genetic variations in the PNPLA3 -encoding gene, which codes for an enzyme involved in triglyceride metabolism in adipose tissue are thought to influence disease severity. [ 7 ]
Enzymes. Women have lower levels of two enzymes—alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase—that metabolize (break down) alcohol in the stomach and liver. As a result, women absorb more alcohol into their bloodstreams than men. Hormones. Changes in hormone levels during the menstrual cycle may also affect how a woman metabolizes alcohol.