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The beam dyeing machine is optimally used for the dyeing of knit and woven fabrics. The beam dyeing process involves the movement of the dye solution, while the fabric remains stationary. [15] The dye liquor is created using a low specific liquor ratio ranging around 1:5. [16] The process requires a high temperature for the dye solution.
However, pad-dyeing was invented to accelerate the dyeing process without necessarily lowering costs. [8] This process involves feeding the fabric to be dyed through a machine equipped with dye baths and rubber rollers.
Dyeing Pigments for sale at a market in Goa, India Cotton being dyed manually in contemporary India Silk dye in pan on stove. Khotan. Dyeing is the application of dyes or pigments on textile materials such as fibers, yarns, and fabrics with the goal of achieving color with desired color fastness.
Cross dyeing is "a method of dyeing blend or combination fabrics to two or more shades by the use of dyes with different affinities for the different fibers". [10] The cross dyeing process can be used to create heather effects, and plaid, check, or striped fabrics.
Winch machine is a high liquor dyeing machine operating at 1:20 (MLR) and a maximum temperature of 98 degrees Celsius. In a winch dyeing, the fabric remains in movement while the dye liquor stays stationary similar to a jigger but with lesser stress on the materials. Hence, suitable for delicate textures and fabric types such as knitted fabrics.
Textile finishing machinery, Red Bridge Mills, Ainsworth, 1983. In textile manufacturing, finishing refers to the processes that convert the woven or knitted cloth into a usable material and more specifically to any process performed after dyeing the yarn or fabric to improve the look, performance, or "hand" (feel) of the finish textile or ...
Dyeing is commonly carried out with an anionic direct dye by completely immersing the fabric (or yarn) in an aqueous dye bath according to a prescribed procedure. For improved fastness to washing, rubbing and light, further dyeing methods can be used. These require more complex chemistry during processing, and are thus more expensive to apply.
Although almost all dyeing can be done in a vat, the term vat dye is used to describe a chemical class of dyes that are applied to cellulosic fibre (i.e., cotton) using a redox reaction as described below. Because of the use of caustic soda, and the very high pH of the dye bath in the dyeing process, wool cannot be dyed using vat dyestuffs.