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A simple harmonic oscillator is an oscillator that is neither driven nor damped.It consists of a mass m, which experiences a single force F, which pulls the mass in the direction of the point x = 0 and depends only on the position x of the mass and a constant k.
In Newtonian mechanics, for one-dimensional simple harmonic motion, the equation of motion, which is a second-order linear ordinary differential equation with constant coefficients, can be obtained by means of Newton's second law and Hooke's law for a mass on a spring.
Simple harmonic motion. Phasor (physics) RLC circuit; Resonance. Impedance; Reactance; Musical tuning; Orbital resonance; Tidal resonance; Oscillator. Harmonic oscillator; Electronic oscillator; Floquet theory; Fundamental frequency; Oscillation (Vibration) Fundamental matrix (linear differential equation) Laplace transform applied to ...
A simple harmonic oscillator obeys the differential equation: =.. If (()) = (()) + (), then H is a linear operator. Letting y(t) = 0, we can rewrite the differential equation as H(x(t)) = y(t), which shows that a simple harmonic oscillator is a linear system.
The systems where the restoring force on a body is directly proportional to its displacement, such as the dynamics of the spring-mass system, are described mathematically by the simple harmonic oscillator and the regular periodic motion is known as simple harmonic motion.
Phase portrait of van der Pol's equation, + + =. Simple pendulum, see picture (right). Simple harmonic oscillator where the phase portrait is made up of ellipses centred at the origin, which is a fixed point. Damped harmonic motion, see animation (right).
To see an example where Liouville's theorem does not apply, we can modify the equations of motion for the simple harmonic oscillator to account for the effects of friction or damping. Consider again the system of N {\displaystyle N} particles each in a 3 {\displaystyle 3} -dimensional isotropic harmonic potential, the Hamiltonian for which is ...
One example is the planetary movement of three bodies: while there is no closed-form solution to the general problem, Poincaré showed for the first time that it exhibits deterministic chaos. Formally, a Hamiltonian system is a dynamical system characterised by the scalar function H ( q , p , t ) {\displaystyle H({\boldsymbol {q}},{\boldsymbol ...