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Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (or Leibnitz; [a] 1 July 1646 [O.S. 21 June] – 14 November 1716) was a German polymath active as a mathematician, philosopher, scientist and diplomat who is credited, alongside Sir Isaac Newton, with the creation of calculus in addition to many other branches of mathematics, such as binary arithmetic and statistics.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 14 February 2025. German mathematician, astronomer, geodesist, and physicist (1777–1855) "Gauss" redirects here. For other uses, see Gauss (disambiguation). Carl Friedrich Gauss Portrait by Christian Albrecht Jensen, 1840 (copy from Gottlieb Biermann, 1887) Born Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777-04-30 ...
To calculate whether or not spraying methyl bromide had an adverse effect on children in the vicinity, the OCR used data from 1995 to 2001 in the CDPR's previously developed model. [ 21 ] and found that both short-term and long-term exposure levels exceeded the EPA's threshold of concern [ 5 ] (35 ppb and 1.3 ppb, respectively). [ 21 ]
Also, the authors calculate the best attack using their technique on AES with a 128-bit key requires storing 2 88 bits of data. That works out to about 38 trillion terabytes of data, which was more than all the data stored on all the computers on the planet in 2016. [ 28 ]
It combined the high speed of electronics with the ability to be programmed for many complex problems. It could add or subtract 5000 times a second, a thousand times faster than any other machine. It also had modules to multiply, divide, and square root. High-speed memory was limited to 20 words (equivalent to about 80 bytes).
1944 – IBM dedicates the first program-controlled calculator, the Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator (known best as the Harvard Mark I). [ 24 ] 1946 – The government of the Soviet Union presented a note to its Turkish counterparts which refuted the latter's sovereignty over the Turkish Straits , thus beginning the Turkish Straits crisis .
Even so, governments and organizations continue to attempt to address the root causes of piracy instead of deterring pirates with law enforcement measures. Through a combination of these measures and changing political climate, piracy off the coast of Somalia is at an all-time low since the peak in 2010–2011. [ 7 ]