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Tritium (from Ancient Greek τρίτος (trítos) 'third') or hydrogen-3 (symbol T or 3 H) is a rare and radioactive isotope of hydrogen with a half-life of ~12.3 years. The tritium nucleus (t, sometimes called a triton) contains one proton and two neutrons, whereas the nucleus of the common isotope hydrogen-1 (protium) contains one proton and no neutrons, and that of non-radioactive hydrogen ...
Radiolysis is the dissociation of molecules by ionizing radiation.It is the cleavage of one or several chemical bonds resulting from exposure to high-energy flux.The radiation in this context is associated with ionizing radiation; radiolysis is therefore distinguished from, for example, photolysis of the Cl 2 molecule into two Cl-radicals, where (ultraviolet or visible spectrum) light is used.
Radiobiology (also known as radiation biology) is a field of clinical and basic medical sciences that involves the study of the action of radioactivity on biological systems. The controlled action of deleterious radioactivity on living systems is the basis of radiation therapy.
For example, carbon-14, a radioactive nuclide with a half-life of only 5700(30) years, [27] is constantly produced in Earth's upper atmosphere due to interactions between cosmic rays and nitrogen. Nuclides that are produced by radioactive decay are called radiogenic nuclides , whether they themselves are stable or not.
Hydrogen is the only element whose isotopes have different names that remain in common use today: 2 H is deuterium [6] and 3 H is tritium. [7] The symbols D and T are sometimes used for deuterium and tritium; IUPAC ( International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry ) accepts said symbols, but recommends the standard isotopic symbols 2 H and 3 ...
US Geological Survey researchers say there could be 5.6 trillion metric tonnes of hydrogen in rocks and underground reservoirs Small fraction of hydrogen trapped under Earth can power humanity for ...
Even the lightest element, hydrogen, has a well-known radionuclide, tritium. Elements heavier than lead , and the elements technetium and promethium , exist only as radionuclides. Unplanned exposure to radionuclides generally has a harmful effect on living organisms including humans, although low levels of exposure occur naturally without harm.
Has no known biological role, and is extremely rare in the Earth's crust. The isotope plutonium-238 is used as an energy source in some heart pacemakers. [11] Both toxic and radioactive. polonium: 84: 1b: Has no known biological role, and due to its short half-life, is nearly nonexistent outside of research facilities. [11] Both highly toxic ...