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An m × n rectangular Vandermonde matrix such that m ≤ n has rank m if and only if all x i are distinct. An m × n rectangular Vandermonde matrix such that m ≥ n has rank n if and only if there are n of the x i that are distinct. A square Vandermonde matrix is invertible if and only if the x i are distinct. An explicit formula for the ...
A matrix with the only nonzero entries on the main diagonal and the diagonals just above and below the main one. X–Y–Z matrix A generalization to three dimensions of the concept of two-dimensional array: Vandermonde matrix: A row consists of 1, a, a 2, a 3, etc., and each row uses a different variable. Walsh matrix
Mr. Reagan (a.k.a. Cypher) (played by Joe Pantoliano) is a central character in The Matrix.In the film, he regrets being "unplugged" and entering the real world. He betrays the crew of the Nebuchadnezzar, offering to give up Morpheus to the Agents in exchange for being inserted back into the Matrix with no memory of his time outside the Matrix.
This matrix is a Vandermonde matrix over . In other words, the Reed–Solomon code is a linear code , and in the classical encoding procedure, its generator matrix is A {\displaystyle A} . Systematic encoding procedure: The message as an initial sequence of values
The matrix X on the left is a Vandermonde matrix, whose determinant is known to be () = < (), which is non-zero since the nodes are all distinct. This ensures that the matrix is invertible and the equation has the unique solution A = X − 1 ⋅ Y {\displaystyle A=X^{-1}\cdot Y} ; that is, p ( x ) {\displaystyle p(x)} exists and is unique.
This is the Vandermonde matrix for the roots of unity, up to the normalization factor. Note that the normalization factor in front of the sum ( 1 / N {\displaystyle 1/{\sqrt {N}}} ) and the sign of the exponent in ω are merely conventions, and differ in some treatments.
Rather, the Jordan canonical form of () contains one Jordan block for each distinct root; if the multiplicity of the root is m, then the block is an m × m matrix with on the diagonal and 1 in the entries just above the diagonal. in this case, V becomes a confluent Vandermonde matrix. [2]
The identity is named after Alexandre-Théophile Vandermonde (1772), although it was already known in 1303 by the Chinese mathematician Zhu Shijie. [1] There is a q-analog to this theorem called the q-Vandermonde identity. Vandermonde's identity can be generalized in numerous ways, including to the identity