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Signs of hyperestrogenism may include heightened levels of one or more of the estrogen sex hormones (usually estradiol and/or estrone), lowered levels of follicle-stimulating hormone and/or luteinizing hormone (due to suppression of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis by estrogen), and lowered levels of androgens such as testosterone (generally only relevant to males). [1]
Additionally, levels of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) increase with age and bind with less affinity to estrogen than androgens. [29] Put together, the elevated ratio of estrogen to androgen leads to gynecomastia, also known as senile gynecomastia in this group. [26] There is a 24–65% prevalence of senile gynecomastia in older males. [26]
Hypergonadism is a condition where there is a hyperfunction of the gonads. [1] It can manifest as precocious puberty, and is caused by abnormally high levels of testosterone or estrogen, crucial hormones for sexual development.
Too much estrogen in a male body is not a good thing; it can cause erectile dysfunction, or low libido." Elevated levels can also strain the heart and cause other muscle and ligament damage.
Conversely, “with too much testosterone, women often have acne, too much hair on the body, hair loss on the head, high blood pressure, elevated cholesterol, skipped cycles, or problems ...
This may shift the hormonal balance between androgens and estrogens toward having too much estrogen, which may increase the risk of prostate cancer. Conversely, finasteride has been found to ...
Women also tend to lose bone more rapidly in the first four to eight years after menopause due to lower levels of estrogen, per ACOG. And, if too much estrogen is lost, there is a higher risk of ...
Estrogen, at some concentration, has been found to be essential for male fertility/spermatogenesis. [ 67 ] [ 68 ] However, estrogen levels that are too high can impair male fertility by suppressing gonadotropin secretion and thereby diminishing intratesticular androgen levels. [ 62 ]