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Childcare, also known as day care, is the care and supervision of one or more children, typically ranging from two weeks to 18 years old.Although most parents spend a significant amount of time caring for their child(ren), childcare typically refers to the care provided by caregivers who are not the child's parents.
After-school activities, also known as after-school programs or after-school care, started in the early 1900s mainly just as supervision of students after the final school bell. [1] Today, after-school programs do much more. There is a focus on helping students with school work but can be beneficial to students in other ways.
In general, preschool is meant to be voluntary and promote development in children through planned programs. Preschool is defined as: "center-based programs for four-year olds that are fully or partially funded by state education agencies and that are operated in schools or under the direction of state and local education agencies". [60]
Small children require continual supervision and care; lack of this constitutes neglect. Some parents are not aware of the need to supervise children, from 1-18. Guidance is needed until the child is aged 25 when the judgment centers have matured. Judgment is needed in making decisions that affect life-and-death decisions.
By 1983, with approximately a million children needing child care outside the home, "only 1 in 10 was registered in a licensed day-care center." [8] With the debate on child care in Canada heating up, then Prime Minister John Turner appointed a task force on the state of daycare across Canada which resulted in the 428-page 1986 report. [8] [9]
Adult daycare centers have grown over the last few decades because the health services available currently surpass those of the past in both service and demand. As demand for adult daycare centers increases, more locations are getting involved, mainly in the US, where all fifty states participate in this program to some degree.
The Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) is federally funded, and it uses funds to reimburse providers for giving meals to children or adults in a day care. Providers include adult care centers, child care centers, family child care homes, emergency shelters, and after-school programs. Funding comes through grants from the USDA.
A married, widowed, or single parent may treat their child as their spouse; this is known as spousification, and it occurs more often among single than married parents. [19] Mother–son spousification is more common than father–daughter spousification. [19] Mothers may put their sons in this role due to a desire for protection but fear of men.
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