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2. Non-Mendelian inheritance - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-Mendelian_inheritance

   In Mendelian inheritance, genes have only two alleles, such as a and A. Mendel consciously chose pairs of genetic traits, represented by two alleles for his inheritance experiments. In nature, such genes often exist in several different forms and are therefore said to have multiple alleles. An individual usually has only two copies of each gene ...

3. Genotype–phenotype distinction - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genotype–phenotype...

   The challenge of a complete theory of population genetics is to provide a set of laws that predictably map a population of genotypes (G 1) to a phenotype space (P 1), where selection takes place, and another set of laws that map the resulting population (P 2) back to genotype space (G 2) where Mendelian genetics can predict the next generation ...

4. Paternal mtDNA transmission - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paternal_mtDNA_transmission

   In genetics, paternal mtDNA transmission and paternal mtDNA inheritance refer to the incidence of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) being passed from a father to his offspring. . Paternal mtDNA inheritance is observed in a small proportion of species; in general, mtDNA is passed unchanged from a mother to her offspring, [1] making it an example of non-Mendelian inh

5. Uniparental inheritance - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniparental_inheritance

   Uniparental inheritance is a non-Mendelian form of inheritance that consists of the transmission of genotypes from one parental type to all progeny. That is, all the genes in offspring will originate from only the mother or only the father.

6. Common misunderstandings of genetics - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_misunderstandings...

   In the early years of genetics it was suggested that there might be "a gene for" a wide range of particular characteristics. This was partly because the examples studied from Mendel onwards inevitably focused on genes whose effects could be readily identified; partly that it was easier to teach science that way; and partly because the mathematics of evolutionary dynamics is simpler if there is ...

7. Non-random segregation of chromosomes - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-random_segregation_of...

   Non-random segregation of chromosomes is a deviation from the usual distribution of chromosomes during meiosis, that is, during segregation of the genome among gametes.While usually according to the 2nd Mendelian rule (“Law of Segregation of genes“) homologous chromosomes are randomly distributed among daughter nuclei, there are various modes deviating from this in numerous organisms that ...

8. Cytoplasmic male sterility - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytoplasmic_male_sterility

   Cytoplasmic male sterility, as the name indicates, is under extranuclear genetic control (under control of the mitochondrial or plastid genomes). It shows non-Mendelian inheritance, with male sterility inherited maternally. In general, there are two types of cytoplasm: N (normal) and aberrant S (sterile) cytoplasms.

9. Dihybrid cross - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dihybrid_cross

   The idea of a dihybrid cross came from Gregor Mendel when he observed pea plants that were either yellow or green and either round or wrinkled. Crossing of two heterozygous individuals will result in predictable ratios for both genotype and phenotype in the offspring. The expected phenotypic ratio of crossing heterozygous parents would be 9:3:3 ...