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The Maya occupied the Maya Region, an area that is now part of the modern countries of Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras and El Salvador; the conquest began in the early 16th century and is generally considered to have ended in 1697. Before the conquest, Maya territory contained a number of competing kingdoms.
Hernán Cortés, conqueror of the Aztecs, travelled across Petén in the early 16th century. In 1525, after the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire, Hernán Cortés led an expedition to Honduras over land, cutting across the Itza kingdom in what is now the northern Petén Department of Guatemala. [ 180 ]
Kaminaljuyu (pronounced / k æ m i n æ l ˈ h uː j uː /; from Kʼicheʼʼ, "The Hill of the Dead" [1]) is a Pre-Columbian site of the Maya civilization located in Guatemala City. Primarily occupied from 1500 BC to 1200 AD, [ 2 ] it has been described as one of the greatest archaeological sites in the New World [ 3 ] —although the extant ...
The peoples and cultures which comprised the Maya civilization spanned more than 2,500 years of Mesoamerican history, in the Maya Region of southern Mesoamerica, which incorporates the present-day nations of Guatemala and Belize, much of Honduras and El Salvador, and the southeastern states of Mexico from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec eastwards, including the entire Yucatán Peninsula.
During the Early Classic period, the Maya cities of Tikal and Kaminaljuyu were key Maya foci in a network that extended into the highlands of central Mexico; [8] there was a strong Maya presence at the Tetitla compound of Teotihuacan. [9] The Maya city of Chichen Itza and the distant Toltec capital of Tula had an especially close relationship. [10]
The history of Guatemala traces back to the Maya civilization (2600 BC – 1697 AD), with the country's modern history beginning with the Spanish conquest of Guatemala in 1524. By 1000 AD, most of the major Classic-era (250–900 AD) Maya cities in the Petén Basin, located in the northern lowlands, had been abandoned.
Latin America and the Caribbean. Tikal (/ tiˈkɑːl /; Tik'al in modern Mayan orthography) is the ruin of an ancient city, which was likely to have been called Yax Mutal, [2] found in a rainforest in Guatemala. [3] It is one of the largest archeological sites and urban centers of the pre-Columbian Maya civilization.
Chichén Itzá was the most important city in the northern Maya region. During the Classic Period (AD 250-900), the Maya civilization achieved its greatest florescence. [27] During the Early Classic (AD 250-300), cities throughout the Maya region were influenced by the great metropolis of Teotihuacan in the distant Valley of Mexico. [33]