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  2. Associative magic square - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associative_magic_square

    An associative magic square is a magic square for which each pair of numbers symmetrically opposite to the center sum up to the same value. For an n × n square, filled with the numbers from 1 to n2, this common sum must equal n2 + 1. These squares are also called associated magic squares, regular magic squares, regmagic squares, or symmetric ...

  3. Associative property - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associative_property

    Associative property. In mathematics, the associative property[1] is a property of some binary operations that means that rearranging the parentheses in an expression will not change the result. In propositional logic, associativity is a valid rule of replacement for expressions in logical proofs.

  4. Fermat's theorem on sums of two squares - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermat's_theorem_on_sums_of...

    In additive number theory, Fermat 's theorem on sums of two squares states that an odd prime p can be expressed as: with x and y integers, if and only if. The prime numbers for which this is true are called Pythagorean primes. For example, the primes 5, 13, 17, 29, 37 and 41 are all congruent to 1 modulo 4, and they can be expressed as sums of ...

  5. Matrix multiplication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_multiplication

    The result matrix has the number of rows of the first and the number of columns of the second matrix. In mathematics, specifically in linear algebra, matrix multiplication is a binary operation that produces a matrix from two matrices. For matrix multiplication, the number of columns in the first matrix must be equal to the number of rows in ...

  6. Multiplication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplication

    Multiplication (often denoted by the cross symbol ×, by the mid-line dot operator ⋅, by juxtaposition, or, on computers, by an asterisk *) is one of the four elementary mathematical operations of arithmetic, with the other ones being addition, subtraction, and division. The result of a multiplication operation is called a product.

  7. Magic square - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_square

    The primary square is obtained by rotating the root square counter-clockwise by 90 degrees, and replacing the numbers. The resulting square is an associative magic square, in which every pair of numbers symmetrically opposite to the center sum up to the same value, 26. For e.g., 16+10, 3+23, 6+20, etc.

  8. Associative algebra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associative_algebra

    e. In mathematics, an associative algebra A over a commutative ring (often a field) K is a ring A together with a ring homomorphism from K into the center of A. This is thus an algebraic structure with an addition, a multiplication, and a scalar multiplication (the multiplication by the image of the ring homomorphism of an element of K).

  9. Sum of squares - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sum_of_squares

    The sum of squares is not factorable. The squared Euclidean distance between two points, equal to the sum of squares of the differences between their coordinates. Heron's formula for the area of a triangle can be re-written as using the sums of squares of a triangle's sides (and the sums of the squares of squares)