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Paternal smoking has also been linked to an increased risk of birth defects and childhood cancer for the offspring, where the paternal germline undergoes oxidative damage due to cigarette use. [35] [36] Teratogen-caused birth defects are potentially preventable.
Medical genetics. Neural tube defects (NTDs) are a group of birth defects in which an opening in the spine or cranium remains from early in human development. In the third week of pregnancy called gastrulation, specialized cells on the dorsal side of the embryo begin to change shape and form the neural tube. When the neural tube does not close ...
Low birth weight. Smoking during pregnancy can result in lower birth weight as well as deformities in the fetus. [18][19] Smoking nearly doubles the risk of low birthweight babies. In 2004, 11.9% of babies born to smokers had low birthweight as compared to only 7.2% of babies born to nonsmokers. More specifically, infants born to smokers weigh ...
Both consumption of alcohol and tobacco smoking are known to be "toxic for reproduction" in the sense used here. One well-known group of substances which are toxic for reproduction are teratogens – substances which cause birth defects. -thalidomide is possibly the most notorious of these. [8]
We already knew that smoking near toddlers was bad, but we never realized just how bad it was. A new study from the University of Montreal and CHU Sainte Justine Research Centre revealed that kids ...
Nicotine has been shown to produce birth defects in humans and is considered a teratogen. [42] [43] The median lethal dose of nicotine in humans is unknown. [44] High doses are known to cause nicotine poisoning, organ failure, and death through paralysis of respiratory muscles, [41] [45] though serious or fatal overdoses are rare. [46]
Congenital defects. Having problems with your heart from birth. Genetics. Having genes associated with cardiovascular disease. Other risk factors for cardiovascular disease include: High blood ...
Radiological studies such as chest CT scans. Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect is a rare birth defect characterized by pulmonary valve atresia occurring alongside a defect on the right ventricular outflow tract. [2][3][4][5] It is a type of congenital heart disease/defect, [6] and one of the two recognized subtypes of pulmonary ...