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Natural family planning (NFP) comprises the family planning methods approved by the Catholic Church and some Protestant denominations for both achieving and postponing or avoiding pregnancy. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] In accordance with the Church's teachings regarding sexual behavior , NFP excludes the use of other methods of birth control , which it refers ...
John Billings was born in Melbourne and was educated at Xavier College, and at the University of Melbourne where he received his Doctor of Medicine degree. [1]In 1953, he began work on a method of natural family planning, involving observation of several indicators of fertility and infertility, gradually focusing on the changes to cervical mucus patterns of sensation.
The term natural family planning is sometimes used to refer to any use of fertility awareness methods, the lactational amenorrhea method and periodic abstinence during fertile times. A method of fertility awareness may be used by natural family planning users to identify these fertile times.
The Billings ovulation method is a method in which women use their vaginal mucus to determine their fertility. [3] It does not rely on the presence of ovulation, rather it identifies patterns of potential fertility and obvious infertility within the cycle, whatever its length.
Methods accepted by this church are referred to as natural family planning (NFP): so at one time, the term "the rhythm method" was synonymous with NFP. Today, NFP is an umbrella term that includes symptoms-based fertility awareness methods and the lactational amenorrhea method as well as calendar-based methods such as rhythm. [ 7 ]
Klaus promoted the Billings ovulation method, a type of natural family planning which is approved by the Catholic Church. In 1973 she founded the Aware Center, which provided information on the Billings method. [4] The Billings method began to gain recognition in the scientific community, and a study was carried out on its effectiveness in ...
Family planning, as defined by the United Nations and the World Health Organization, encompasses services leading up to conception. Abortion is not typically recommended as a primary method of family planning. [7] Family planning is sometimes used as a synonym or euphemism for access to and the use of contraception. However, it often involves ...
[60] Developments in fertility awareness since the 1960s [61] have also given rise to natural family planning organizations such as the Billings Ovulation Method, Couple to Couple League and the Creighton Model FertilityCare System, which actively provide formal instruction on the use and reliability of natural methods of birth control.