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Cobalt(II) sulfate heptahydrate. Cobalt(II) sulfate is any of the inorganic compounds with the formula CoSO 4 (H 2 O) x.Usually cobalt sulfate refers to the hexa- or heptahydrates CoSO 4. 6H 2 O or CoSO 4. 7H 2 O, respectively. [1]
Copper(II) sulfate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Cu SO 4.It forms hydrates CuSO 4 ·nH 2 O, where n can range from 1 to 7. The pentahydrate (n = 5), a bright blue crystal, is the most commonly encountered hydrate of copper(II) sulfate, [10] while its anhydrous form is white. [11]
In inorganic chemistry, Fajans' rules, formulated by Kazimierz Fajans in 1923, [1] [2] [3] are used to predict whether a chemical bond will be covalent or ionic, and depend on the charge on the cation and the relative sizes of the cation and anion. They can be summarized in the following table:
Magenta coloured CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O. Many halides of cobalt(II) are known.e cobalt(II) fluoride (CoF 2) which is a pink solid, cobalt(II) chloride (CoCl 2) which is a blue solid, cobalt(II) bromide (CoBr 2) which is a green solid, and cobalt(II) iodide (CoI 2) which is a blue-black solid.
Covalent and ionic bonding form a continuum, with ionic character increasing with increasing difference in the electronegativity of the participating atoms. Covalent bonding corresponds to sharing of a pair of electrons between two atoms of essentially equal electronegativity (for example, C–C and C–H bonds in aliphatic hydrocarbons).
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The chemistry of sulfur is largely covalent in nature, noting it can form ionic sulfides with highly electropositive metals. The common oxide of sulfur (SO 3) is strongly acidic. Selenium. Selenium is a metallic-looking, moderately reactive [8] solid with a density of 4.81 g/cm 3 and is soft (MH 2.0) and brittle. It melts at 221 °C to a black ...
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