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Crisis management is the process by which an organization deals with a disruptive and unexpected event that threatens to harm the organization or its stakeholders. [1] The study of crisis management originated with large-scale industrial and environmental disasters in the 1980s.
Critical incident stress management (CISM) is a system of support for individuals and groups who have been exposed to trauma. It is a form of psychological first aid . It includes pre-incident preparedness and acute crisis management through post-crisis follow-up.
Discourse of renewal is a theory in crisis communication that seeks to establish and emphasize "learning from the crisis, ethical communication, communication that is prospective in nature, and effective organizational rhetoric.” [1]
Risk communication is a complex cross-disciplinary academic field that is part of risk management and related to fields like crisis communication.The goal is to make sure that targeted audiences understand how risks affect them or their communities by appealing to their values.
Initial crisis responsibility is how much the organization's stakeholders attribute the crisis to the organization; how responsible the key publics hold the organization itself for the crisis. In assessing the level of reputational threat facing an organization, crisis managers must first determine the type of crisis facing the organization.
Pre-crisis: preparing ahead of time for crisis management in an effort to prevent a future crisis from occurring. [4] This category is also sometimes called the prodromal crisis stage. [21] Crisis: the response to an actual crisis event. [4] Post-crisis: occurs after the crisis has been resolved; the efforts by the crisis management team to ...
A crisis can have physical or psychological effects. Usually significant and more widespread, the latter lacks the former's obvious signs, complicating diagnosis. [4] It is defined as a breakdown of psychological equilibrium, and being unable to benefit from normal methods of coping. [5]
A United States Army Criminal Investigation Division agent using a megaphone to negotiate the safe release of hostages during a hostage-taking training exercise. Crisis negotiation is a law enforcement technique used to communicate with people who are threatening violence [1] (workplace violence, domestic violence, suicide, or terrorism), [2] including barricaded subjects, stalkers, criminals ...