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South Slavs are Slavic people who speak South Slavic languages and inhabit a contiguous region of Southeast Europe comprising the eastern Alps and the Balkan Peninsula. Geographically separated from the West Slavs and East Slavs by Austria , Hungary , Romania , and the Black Sea , the South Slavs today include Bosniaks , Bulgarians , Croats ...
Yugoslavia (/ ˌ j uː ɡ oʊ ˈ s l ɑː v i ə /; lit. ' Land of the South Slavs ') [a] was a country in Southeast and Central Europe that existed from 1918 to 1992. It came into existence following World War I, [b] under the name of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes from the merger of the Kingdom of Serbia with the provisional State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, and constituted the ...
The Kingdom of Yugoslavia existed between its creation in 1918 until its occupation and partition by Axis powers in World War II. The first census in 1921 enumerated 11,984,911, while the second and last census in 1931 enumerated 13,934,038 people.
Yugoslavia population pyramid in 1991 Demographics of Yugoslavia (1961–1991), Data of FAO, year 2005 ; Number of inhabitants in thousands.. Demographics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, during its existence from 1945 until 1991, include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects.
The word Yugoslav, meaning "South Slavic", was first used by Josip Juraj Strossmayer in 1849. [15] The first modern iteration of Yugoslavism was the Illyrian movement in Habsburg Croatia. It identified South Slavs with ancient Illyrians and sought to construct a common language based on the Shtokavian dialect. [16]
The 1921 population census recorded numerous ethnic groups. Based on language, the "Yugoslavs" (collectively Serbs, Croats, Slovenes and Slavic Muslims) constituted 82.87 percent of the country's population. Identity politics failed to assimilate the South Slavic peoples of Yugoslavia into a Yugoslav identity. [1]
The Dalmatian Croat politician Ante Trumbić became a prominent South Slavic leader during the war and led the Yugoslav Committee that lobbied the Allies to support the creation of an independent Yugoslavia. [16] Trumbić faced initial hostility from Serbian Prime Minister Nikola Pašić, who preferred an enlarged Serbia over a unified Yugoslav ...
Following the victory in WWI, Serbs subsequently formed the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes with other South Slavic peoples. The country was later renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, and was led from 1921 to 1934 by King Alexander I of the Serbian Karađorđević dynasty. [90]