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Cryopreservation of embryos is dependent on the species and the stage of development of the embryo. Pig embryos are the most difficult to freeze, thaw, and utilize produce live offspring due to their sensitivity to chilling and high lipid content.
For early cleavage embryos, frozen ones appear to have at least as good obstetric outcome, measured as preterm birth and low birthweight for children born after cryopreservation as compared with children born after fresh cycles. [9] Oocyte age, survival proportion, and number of transferred embryos are predictors of pregnancy outcome. [12]
Crop milk is a secretion from the lining of the crop of parent birds in some species that is regurgitated to young birds. It is found among all pigeons and doves where it is also referred to as pigeon milk. Crop milk is also secreted from the crop of flamingos and the male emperor penguin, [1] [2] [3] suggesting independent evolution of this ...
Animal species can be preserved in gene banks, which consist of a cryogenic facilities used to store live sperm, eggs, or embryos in ultracold conditions. The Zoological Society of San Diego has established a "frozen zoo" to store frozen tissue from the world's rarest and most endangered species samples using cryopreservation techniques. At ...
Cryopreservation for embryos is used for embryo storage, e.g., when IVF has resulted in more embryos than is currently needed. One pregnancy and resulting healthy birth has been reported from an embryo stored for 27 years, after the successful pregnancy of an embryo from the same batch three years earlier. [39]
Frozen embryos can be stored in liquid nitrogen tanks within the facility they were produced in or at outside facilities that specialize in cryopreservation, says Stein — and they have a long ...
Female birds are able to produce more of a certain gender of birds that are more likely to survive under extreme conditions. In birds, the females' egg determines the gender of the offspring, not the male's sperm. In zebra finches, a study showed the effect of food on gender ratio production. For females, egg production is a metabolically ...
The amnion is a membrane that initially covers the embryo and eventually fills with amniotic fluid, provides the embryo with protection against shock from movement; The allantois helps the embryo obtain oxygen and handles metabolic waste; The chorion, together with the amnion, forms the amniotic sac and encloses the amnion, vitellus, and the embryo