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FIFO's opposite is LIFO, last-in-first-out, where the youngest entry or "top of the stack" is processed first. [2] A priority queue is neither FIFO or LIFO but may adopt similar behaviour temporarily or by default. Queueing theory encompasses these methods for processing data structures, as well as interactions between strict-FIFO queues.
RISC — arithmetic instructions use registers only, so explicit 2-operand load/store instructions are needed: load a,reg1; load b,reg2; add reg1+reg2->reg3; store reg3,c; C = A+B needs four instructions. Unlike 2-operand or 1-operand, this leaves all three values a, b, and c in registers available for further reuse. [11]
A scalar processor is classified as a single instruction, single data processor in Flynn's taxonomy.The Intel 486 is an example of a scalar processor. It is to be contrasted with a vector processor where a single instruction operates simultaneously on multiple data items (and thus is referred to as a single instruction, multiple data processor). [2]
A queue machine, queue automaton, or pullup automaton (PUA) [citation needed] is a finite-state machine with the ability to store and retrieve data from an infinite-memory queue. Its design is similar to a pushdown automaton but differs by replacing the stack with this queue.
The stack easily holds more than two inputs or more than one result, so a rich set of operations can be computed. In stack machine code (sometimes called p-code), instructions will frequently have only an opcode commanding an operation, with no additional fields identifying a constant, register or memory cell, known as a zero address format. [1]
A superscalar processor (or multiple-issue processor [1]) is a CPU that implements a form of parallelism called instruction-level parallelism within a single processor. [2]
A queue is an example of a linear data structure, or more abstractly a sequential collection. Queues are common in computer programs, where they are implemented as data structures coupled with access routines, as an abstract data structure or in object-oriented languages as classes.
Priority queue (such as a heap) Double-ended queue (deque) Double-ended priority queue (DEPQ) Single-ended types, such as stack, generally only admit a single peek, at the end that is modified. Double-ended types, such as deques, admit two peeks, one at each end. Names for peek vary. "Peek" or "top" are common for stacks, while for queues ...