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Botany (Greek Βοτάνη (botanē) meaning "pasture", "herbs" "grass", or "fodder"; [2] Medieval Latin botanicus – herb, plant) [3] and zoology are, historically, the core disciplines of biology whose history is closely associated with the natural sciences chemistry, physics and geology.
Botany, also called plant science or phytology, is the branch of natural science and biology studying plants, especially their anatomy, taxonomy, and ecology. [1] A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field.
The science of botany was founded as these scholars engaged with the accounts of plants, and especially of their medicinal uses, together with a newly critical reaction to mediaeval pharmacology, which was based on unthinking acceptance of the Natural History of Pliny the Elder and the De Materia Medica of Dioscorides. [15]
The following outline is an overview of and topical guide to botany, ... History of botany; History of plant systematics; Major plant groups. Algae. Cyanobacteria;
Botanical nomenclature has a long history, going back beyond the period when Latin was the scientific language throughout Europe, to Theophrastus (c. 370–287 BC), Dioscorides (c. 40 – 90 AD) and other Greek writers. Many of these works have come down to us in Latin translations. The principal Latin writer on botany was Pliny the Elder (23
A definition based on genomes ... The scientific study of plants is known as botany, a branch ... which in turn has played a key role in the history of world ...
Botany, Zoology, Natural history, Natural theology: ... Ray was the first person to produce a biological definition of species, in his 1686 History of Plants:
Later, classification and description was driven by natural history and natural theology. Until the advent of the theory of evolution , nearly all classification was based on the scala naturae . The professionalization of botany in the 18th and 19th century marked a shift toward more holistic classification methods, eventually based on ...