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The German Confederation was also led by Austria from 1815 to 1866. In 1866 Austria was firstly separated from Germany and German Confederation was dissolved. In 1867, the multi-ethnic Austro-Hungarian Empire was established and led by Austria; it was rivaled by the North German Confederation from 1866 to 1871 and German Empire led by the Kingdom of Prussia rivaled Austria.
He was succeeded as duke of Austria by his young son Albert II the Magnanimous of Germany, with his cousin William the Courteous acting as regent. 1406: 15 July: William the Courteous died without heirs. He was succeeded in Upper Austria by Leopold the Fat and in Carinthia, Styria and Carniola by another brother, Ernest the Iron, Duke of Austria.
The usurper kingdom had prevailed against the European great powers and would play a vital future role in the "Concert of Europe". [8] Austria and Prussia both would fight France in the Napoleonic Wars; after their conclusion, the German states were reorganized into a more unified 37 separate states of the German Confederation.
Germany and Austria-Hungary joined a mutual defense treaty, the Dual Alliance. 1880: July: Kulturkampf: The First Mitigation Law was passed, resuming government payments to Prussian dioceses. 16 December: First Boer War: Boer rebels laid siege to a British fort at Potchefstroom. 1882: 20 May: Italy joined the Triple Alliance with Germany and ...
The result was that the Austrian Empire was seen as one of the great powers after 1815, but also as a reactionary force and an obstacle to national aspirations in Italy and Germany. [21] During this time, Metternich was able to maintain an elaborate balance between Prussia, the lesser German states, and Austria in the German Confederation ...
The minor nations of Germany valued their independence and believed that their ability to remain sovereign depended on Austro-Prussian dualism, with neither side allowed to become too powerful. Confessional division also played an important role in German dualism, and there was a strong pressure in Catholic states to support Austria. [14]
Both countries are full members of the European Union and of the Council of Europe. Germany: See Austria–Germany relations. Austria has an embassy in Berlin and a consulate-general in Munich. Germany has an embassy in Vienna. Both countries are full members of the European Union and of the Council of Europe. Greece: 25 August 1834
The history of Austria covers the history of Austria and its predecessor states. In the late Iron Age Austria was occupied by people of the Hallstatt Celtic culture ( c. 800 BC), they first organized as a Celtic kingdom referred to by the Romans as Noricum , dating from c. 800 to 400 BC.