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Cassini–Huygens also flew past Jupiter for a gravity assist on its mission to explore Saturn. Only three of the missions to the outer planets have been orbiters: Galileo orbited Jupiter for eight years, while Cassini orbited Saturn for thirteen years. Juno has been orbiting Jupiter since 2016.
The exploration mission revealed that Neptune's atmosphere is very dynamic, even though it receives only three percent of the sunlight that Jupiter receives. Winds on Neptune were found to be the strongest in the Solar System, up to three times stronger than Jupiter's and nine times stronger than the strongest winds on Earth.
Date of landing/impact Coordinates Notes Mars 2 lander: USSR: 27 November 1971: First man-made object on Mars. No contact after crash landing. Mars 3 lander: USSR: 2 December 1971: First soft landing on Mars. Transmission began about 90 seconds after landing. [4]
List of Mars landers S.No Landers Launch date Landing date Mass (kg) [1] Landing site Region Status Country MOLA Entry velocity References 1. Mars 2MV-3 No.1: 04 Nov 1962 25 Nov 1962 890 - - Failure Soviet Union - - [2] 2. Mars 2: 19 May 1971 27 Nov 1971 1210 45°S 47°E ♦ - Failure Soviet Union - - [3] [4] 3. Mars 3: 28 May 1971 02 Dec 1971 ...
Lost with Mars 96: Two Mars Penetrators to have been deployed by Mars 96. Mars 96 penetrator Penetrator Launch failure Lost with Mars 96: 29 Mars Pathfinder: Mars Pathfinder: 4 December 1996: NASA United States: Lander Successful Landed at 19.13°N 33.22°W on 4 July 1997, [17] Last contact on 27 September 1997 Delta II 7925: Sojourner: Rover ...
Artist's depiction of Pioneer 10, the first spacecraft to visit Jupiter. The exploration of Jupiter has been conducted via close observations by automated spacecraft.It began with the arrival of Pioneer 10 into the Jovian system in 1973, and, as of 2024, has continued with eight further spacecraft missions in the vicinity of Jupiter and two more en route.
Mars 3 – First Mars lander Pioneer 10 – First Jupiter flyby Mariner 10 – First Mercury flyby Voyager 2 – First Uranus/first Neptune flyby Mission name Launch date
Mars 5 collected images and other data from Mars for 22 days. [12] Mars 6 Lander: Mars 5 August 1973 12 March 1974 impact: 220 days (7 mo, 8 d) Mars 6 crash-landed on Mars and contact with the craft was lost. [13] Venera 9 orbiter and lander Venus 8 June 1975 20 October 1975 entered orbit 22 October 1975 landed: 135 days (4 mo, 13 d)