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The medieval Bulgarian Empire had active relations with Eastern Thrace before the Ottoman conquest of the Balkans in the 14th–15th century: the area was often part of the Bulgarian state under its stronger rulers from Krum's reign on, such as Simeon I and Ivan Asen II; the city of Edirne (Adrianople, Odrin) was under Bulgarian control a number of times.
Turkey is one of Bulgaria's top 5 trading partners and accounts for almost 8 percent of total foreign trade. Between 2020 and 2022, the bilateral trade volume rose from $4.8 to $7.4 billion. 1,500 Turkish companies are active in Bulgaria and have invested more than two billion US dollars in the country.
There is also a diaspora outside Bulgaria in countries such as Turkey, Austria, the Netherlands, Sweden, Norway and Romania, the most significant of which are the Bulgarian Turks in Turkey. Bulgarian Turks are the descendants of Turkish settlers who entered the region after the Ottoman conquest of the Balkans in the late 14th and early 15th ...
[4] [5] It has also been suggested that some Turks living today in Bulgaria may be direct ethnic descendants of earlier medieval Pecheneg, Oğuz, and Cuman Turkic tribes. [6] [7] [8] The Turkish community became an ethnic minority when the Principality of Bulgaria was established after the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878.
Bulgarian Turks constitute a substantial portion of Bulgaria's Muslim population. While Muslims of all ethnicities (Turks, Pomaks, Muslim Roma, Albanians and Tatars among others) were affected by the "Revival Process", many Muslim Bulgarian nationals were referred to as "Turks" by the Bulgarian government whether ethnically Turkish or not and vica versa.
Even in Turkey, few accounts of excursion have been published. What books have been produced primarily regard the individual accounts of expellees, which have typically been printed in limited runs. [49] However, the 2012 declaration condemning the events of 1989 by the Bulgarian parliament was widely praised in Turkish media. [50]
Old Great Bulgaria (Medieval Greek: Παλαιά Μεγάλη Βουλγαρία, Palaiá Megálē Voulgaría), also often known by the Latin names Magna Bulgaria [5] and Patria Onoguria ("Onogur land"), [6] was a 7th-century Turkic nomadic empire formed by the Onogur-Bulgars on the western Pontic–Caspian steppe (modern southern Ukraine and southwest Russia). [7]
In the 2011 Bulgarian census, which did not receive a response regarding ethnicity from the total population, 588,318 people, or 8.8% of the self-appointed responders, determined their ethnicity as Turkish; [4] while the latest census which provided answers from the entire population, the 2001 census, recorded 746,664 Turks, or 9.4% of the ...