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The arithmetic mean can be similarly defined for vectors in multiple dimensions, not only scalar values; this is often referred to as a centroid. More generally, because the arithmetic mean is a convex combination (meaning its coefficients sum to ), it can be defined on a convex space, not only a vector space.
The arithmetic mean (or simply mean or average) of a list of numbers, is the sum of all of the numbers divided by their count.Similarly, the mean of a sample ,, …,, usually denoted by ¯, is the sum of the sampled values divided by the number of items in the sample.
Average of chords. In ordinary language, an average is a single number or value that best represents a set of data. The type of average taken as most typically representative of a list of numbers is the arithmetic mean – the sum of the numbers divided by how many numbers are in the list.
The arithmetic mean, or less precisely the average, of a list of n numbers x 1, x 2, . . . , x n is the sum of the numbers divided by n: + + +. The geometric mean is similar, except that it is only defined for a list of nonnegative real numbers, and uses multiplication and a root in place of addition and division:
where y max is the maximum of the sample, A is the arithmetic mean, H is the harmonic mean of the sample and is the (biased) variance of the sample. This bound has been improved, and it is known that variance is bounded by
In calculus, and especially multivariable calculus, the mean of a function is loosely defined as the average value of the function over its domain. In one variable, the mean of a function f ( x ) over the interval ( a , b ) is defined by: [ 1 ]
The median is 2 in this case, as is the mode, and it might be seen as a better indication of the center than the arithmetic mean of 4, which is larger than all but one of the values. However, the widely cited empirical relationship that the mean is shifted "further into the tail" of a distribution than the median is not generally true.
The arithmetic and geometric means "agree" that computer C is the fastest. However, by presenting appropriately normalized values and using the arithmetic mean, we can show either of the other two computers to be the fastest. Normalizing by A's result gives A as the fastest computer according to the arithmetic mean: Table 2