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Ghilman were required to marry Turkic slave-women, who were chosen for them by their masters. [12] Some ghilman seem to have lived celibate lives. The absence of family life and offspring was possibly one of the reasons that ghilman, even when they attained power, generally failed to start dynasties or to proclaim their independence.
It is likely that the term Saqaliba designated a disparate group of Balkan, Caucasian, Turkic and Slavic peoples living between the Baltic Sea and the Black and Caspian Seas. Ahmad ibn Fadlan, for example, describes Almis, king of the Volga Bulgars, as "king of the Saqaliba", while Al-Biruni calls the Baltic Sea the "sea of the Saqaliba".
The average rate for a Turkic slave in the 9th century was 300 dirhams, but a Turkic slave could be sold for as much as 3,000 dinars. [5] The trade in Turkic slaves via Bukhara continued for centuries after the end of the Samanid Empire.
The Turkic peoples are a collection of diverse ethnic groups of West, Central, East, and North Asia as well as parts of Europe, who speak Turkic languages. [37] [38]According to historians and linguists, the Proto-Turkic language originated in Central-East Asia, [39] potentially in the Altai-Sayan region, Mongolia or Tuva.
Fight between Mahmud of Ghazni and Abu 'Ali Simjuri.. The Simjurids were a Turkic family that served the Samanid emirs of Bukhara in the 10th century. They played an influential role in the history of eastern Iran and southern Afghanistan during that time, and by the second half of the 10th century they had built a semi-independent principality in Khurasan.
Mamluk or Mamaluk (/ ˈ m æ m l uː k /; Arabic: مملوك, romanized: mamlūk (singular), مماليك, mamālīk (plural); [2] translated as "one who is owned", [5] meaning "slave") [7] were non-Arab, ethnically diverse (mostly Turkic, Caucasian, Eastern and Southeastern European) enslaved mercenaries, slave-soldiers, and freed slaves who were assigned high-ranking military and ...
The Pannonian Avars (/ ˈ æ v ɑːr z / AV-arz) were an alliance of several groups of Eurasian nomads of various origins. [8] The peoples were also known as the Obri in the chronicles of the Rus, [not verified in body] the Abaroi or Varchonitai [9] (Greek: Βαρχονῖται, romanized: Varchonitai), or Pseudo-Avars [10] in Byzantine sources, and the Apar (Old Turkic: 𐰯𐰺) to the ...
According to linguist and academician Albina G. Khayrullina-Valieva Bulgar language was the first fully proved Turkic language that came into direct contact with South Slavs. [200] The Danubian Bulgars were unable to alter the predominantly Slavic character of Bulgaria, [ 201 ] seen in the toponymy and names of the capitals Pliska and Preslav ...