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The Soviet zone of Germany in the east, including the Soviet sector of Berlin, became the communist German Democratic Republic ("East Germany") on 7 October of the same year. [1] on 1 January 1957, the Saar Protectorate (which was separated from Germany on 17 December 1947) became a part the Federal Republic of Germany, [5] as provided by its ...
On 21 October 1919, they were combined to form the French Army of the Rhine. In 1919, the Italian "Alpi" Brigade was used by the French in occupation duties in the far south of the zone. [37] The French were the last to vacate the occupied Rhineland, on 30 June 1930. [6]
An Encyclopedia of World History (5th ed. 1973); highly detailed outline of events online free; Morris, Richard B. and Graham W. Irwin, eds. Harper Encyclopedia of the Modern World: A Concise Reference History from 1760 to the Present (1970) online; George Henry Townsend (1867), "Germany", A Manual of Dates (2nd ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co.
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Foodstuffs imports into Germany were controlled by the Allies after the Armistice with Germany until Germany signed the Treaty of Versailles in June 1919. [22] In March 1919, Churchill informed the House of Commons, that the ongoing blockade was a success and "Germany is very near starvation."
Grossman, Mark ed. Encyclopedia of the Interwar Years: From 1919 to 1939 (2000). Hasluck, E. L. Foreign Affairs 1919 to 1937 (Cambridge University Press, 1938). Hicks, John D. Republican Ascendancy, 1921–1933 (1960) for USA online; Hobsbawm, Eric J. (1994). The Age of Extremes: A History of the World, 1914–1991. – a view from the Left.
The Revolution of 1918/19 is one of the most important events in the modern history of Germany, yet it is poorly embedded in the historical memory of Germans. [137] The failure of the Weimar Republic that the revolution brought into being and the Nazi era that followed it obstructed the view of the events for a long time.
By 1900, Germany was the dominant power on the European continent and its rapidly expanding industry had surpassed Britain's while provoking it in a naval arms race. Germany led the Central Powers in World War I, but was defeated, partly occupied, forced to pay war reparations, and stripped of its colonies and significant territory along its ...