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A transformer or autotransformer can be used; (auto)transformers are inherently reversible, so the same transformer can be used to step the voltage up, or step it down by the same ratio. Lighter and smaller devices can be made using electronic circuitry; reducing the voltage electronically is simpler and cheaper than increasing it.
Modbus or MODBUS is a client/server data communications protocol in the application layer. [1] It was originally designed for use with programmable logic controllers (PLCs), [2] but has become a de facto standard communication protocol for communication between industrial electronic devices in a wide range of buses and networks.
Current and voltage transformers to step down the high voltages and currents of the electrical power system to convenient levels for the relays to deal with; Protective relays to sense the fault and initiate a trip, or disconnection, order; Circuit breakers or RCDs to open/close the system based on relay and autorecloser commands
To have public- and private-sector leaders think alike is refreshing. During a recent EIA conference in Washington, D.C., Southern Co. CEO Tom Fanning reiterated points made by both President ...
RS-485, also known as TIA-485(-A) or EIA-485, is a standard, originally introduced in 1983, defining the electrical characteristics of drivers and receivers for use in serial communications systems. Electrical signaling is balanced , and multipoint systems are supported.
The latest inflation reading showed the electricity index rose 3.8% over the past twelve months while other components within the energy index fell. That's largely because infrastructure costs ...
The same way by equating the average inductor current during the turn-on and turn-off time, we can get the average voltage by [6] V a v e = α V s {\displaystyle V_{ave}=\alpha V_{s}} where V a v e {\displaystyle V_{ave}} is the average output voltage , α {\displaystyle \alpha } is the duty cycle and V s {\displaystyle V_{s}} is the source ...
Electricity generation is the fourth highest combined source of NO x, carbon monoxide, and particulate matter in the US. [21] According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), low-carbon electricity generation needs to account for 85% of global electrical output by 2040 in order to ward off the worst effects of climate change. [22]