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Women who have had bilateral oophorectomy surgeries lose most of their ability to produce the hormones estrogen and progesterone, and lose about half of their ability to produce testosterone, and subsequently enter what is known as "surgical menopause" (as opposed to normal menopause, which occurs naturally in women as part of the aging process).
Neutering, from the Latin neuter ('of neither sex'), [1] is the removal of a non-human animal's reproductive organ, either all of it or a considerably large part. The male-specific term is castration , while spaying is usually reserved for female animals.
In women, the vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries and, in some cases, the vulva are removed. In men, the prostate is removed. Patients receive significant counselling before the procedure so that they fully understand the benefits and risks. [5] Radiology is used before surgery. [5] The surgery itself is complex. [5]
Reproductive surgery in women has largely been complementary to other ART methods such as medication, except for in tubal infertility, where surgery remains the main treatment. [11] Although reproductive surgery has been most relevant for severe symptoms, there has been a strong interest in greater analysis surrounding this topic of research.
The surgery can be performed for various reasons: [1] [2] [3] treatment for testicular cancer; as part of gender-affirming surgery for transgender women; as management for advanced prostate cancer [4] to remove damaged testes after testicular torsion. after a trauma or complex rupture of the tunica albuginea.
Until recently, inspiring representations of women over 40 in fiction or on screen were thin on the ground. But the middle-aged heroine is having a moment – and, far from glossing over her age ...
The surgery itself is controversial, and critics refer to the procedures as "designer vagina". [28] [29] [30] In the article Designer Vaginas by Simone Weil Davis, she talks about the modification of woman's vagina and the outside influences women are pressured with, which can cause them to feel shame towards their labia minora. She states that ...
According to the Cleveland Clinic, between 6% and 8% of people who have had surgery to remove their prostate will develop some type of urinary incontinence, but it is usually temporary.