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The vast majority of Muslims in the United Kingdom live in England and Wales: of 1,591,126 Muslims recorded at the 2001 Census, 1,546,626 were living in England and Wales, where they form 3 per cent of the population; 42,557 were living in Scotland, forming 0.8 per cent of the population; [151] and 1,943 were living in Northern Ireland. [152]
Today Islam is the second largest religion in England. About 38% of English Muslims live in London , where they make up 12.4% of the population. There are also large numbers of Muslims in Birmingham , Manchester , Bradford , Luton , Slough , Leicester and the mill towns of Northern England such as Huddersfield, Dewsbury, Oldham.
The population of the United Kingdom was estimated at 67,596,281 in 2022. [1] It is the 21st most populated country in the world and has a population density of 279 people per square kilometre (720 people/sq mi), with England having significantly greater density than Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. [1]
A survey conducted by the Pew Research Center in 2016 found that Muslims make up 4.9% of all of Europe's population. [79] According to a same study conversion does not add significantly to the growth of the Muslim population in Europe, with roughly 160,000 more people leaving Islam than converting into Islam between 2010 and 2016. [79]
The latest history brought increased secularisation, as well as religious pluralism. [20] According to Scholars, in 2017, Europe's population was 77.8% Christian (up from 74.9% 1970), [21] [22] these changes were largely result of the collapse of Communism and switching to Christianity in the former Soviet Union and Eastern Bloc countries. [21]
Map of population density in England as at the 2011 census The non-metropolitan counties and unitary authorities of England in 2020 by total population. The demography of England has since 1801 been measured by the decennial national census, and is marked by centuries of population growth and urbanization. Due to the lack of authoritative ...
The local authority in England with the highest level of irreligion was Norwich, the county town of Norfolk, where the level was 42.5%. [citation needed] Religion has the least influence on youth. [16] According to the 2011 census, 25% of England has no religion, 7% of Northern Ireland, [17] one third in Scotland and one-third of Wales. [18]
The bulk of the human religious experience pre-dates written history, which is roughly 7,000 years old. [1] A lack of written records results in most of the knowledge of pre-historic religion being derived from archaeological records and other indirect sources, and from suppositions. Much pre-historic religion is subject to continued debate.