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Scientists study the behaviour of isolated cells grown in the laboratory for insights into how cells function in the body in health and disease. Experiments using cell culture are used for developing new diagnostic tests and new treatments for diseases. This is a list of major breast cancer cell lines that are primarily used in breast cancer ...
Cancer stem cells in breast tumors were first discovered in 2003. [6] There are different theories exist on the origins of these cells. There are findings that indicates that normal cells undergo mutations which result in their transformation into BCSCs, [7] while there are also studies which concluded that these cells come from the misplacement of somatic stem cells de novo.
For instances, the number of mitotic cells is used to classify tumors. In general, a high proliferation index suggests malignancy and high-grade tumors. [11] Among solid tumors, the clinical significance of the proliferation index on breast cancer has been extensively studied.
The first whole cancer genome to be sequenced was from cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukaemia by Ley et al. in November 2008. [5] The first breast cancer tumor was sequenced by Shah et al. in October 2009, [6] the first lung and skin tumors by Pleasance et al. in January 2010, [7] [8] and the first prostate tumors by Berger et al. in ...
Most telling perhaps is that 70-80% of breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy based on traditional predictors would have survived without it. [3] [4] Of note, similar gene expression patterns associated with metastatic behaviour of breast cancer tumor cells have also been found in breast cancer of dog, the most common tumor of the female ...
These are the cancer stem cell model and the clonal evolution model. The models are not mutually exclusive, and it is believed that they both contribute to heterogeneity in varying amounts across different tumour types. [20] Ability of cancer cells to form tumours under the cancer stem cell and clonal evolution models of heterogeneity.
Small cell lung cancer has a five-year survival rate of 4% according to Cancer Centers of America's Website. [5] The American Cancer Society reports 5-year relative survival rates of over 70% for women with stage 0-III breast cancer with a 5-year relative survival rate close to 100% for women with stage 0 or stage I breast cancer.
The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) is a project to catalogue the genomic alterations responsible for cancer using genome sequencing and bioinformatics. [1] [2] The overarching goal was to apply high-throughput genome analysis techniques to improve the ability to diagnose, treat, and prevent cancer through a better understanding of the genetic basis of the disease.