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The Oxford Placement Test (OPT), also called the Oxford Online Placement Test (OOPT), is an on demand computer-adaptive test of the English language for non-native speakers of English, reporting at Pre-A1, A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, and C2 levels of the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR).
One component of the CEFR 2001 are the competence levels A1-A2-B1-B2-C1-C2. The CEFR was created to make curricula , textbooks , tests, etc. comparable with each other. The Council of Europe's authoring team emphasized that the CEFR was not written primarily as a framework for assessment and test development. [ 1 ]
The first version published for sale to the general public in 1980 was titled The Hidden Shrine of Tamoachan and bore the module code C1. This book was written by Harold Johnson and Jeff R. Leason , was printed as a 32-page book and an eight-page book with an outer-folder and a two-color cover illustrated by Erol Otus , and featured ...
An intergovernmental symposium in 1991 titled "Transparency and Coherence in Language Learning in Europe: Objectives, Evaluation, Certification" held by the Swiss Federal Authorities in the Swiss municipality of Rüschlikon found the need for a common European framework for languages to improve the recognition of language qualifications and help teachers co-operate.
C1 Advanced was developed in response to feedback from language centres that there was a too great gap between the qualifications now known as B2 First and C2 Proficiency. C1 Advanced was designed to allow learners to gain certification for advanced levels of English suitable for use in academic and professional life.
C2 Proficiency, previously known as Cambridge English: Proficiency and the Certificate of Proficiency in English (CPE), is an English language examination provided by Cambridge Assessment English (previously known as Cambridge English Language Assessment and University of Cambridge ESOL examination).
4 Introduction and destinations. 5 See also. ... Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects ... C1 C2 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 PC D8 D9 D10 D11 GEN
The TCSEC defines four divisions: D, C, B, and A, where division A has the highest security. Each division represents a significant difference in the trust an individual or organization can place on the evaluated system. Additionally divisions C, B and A are broken into a series of hierarchical subdivisions called classes: C1, C2, B1, B2, B3 ...