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The East–West Schism, also known as the Great Schism or the Schism of 1054, is the break of communion between the Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church since 1054. [1] A series of ecclesiastical differences and theological disputes between the Greek East and Latin West preceded the formal split that occurred in 1054.
Francis Dvornik states: "In spite of what happened in 1054, the faithful of both church remained long unaware of any change in their relations and acts of intercommunion were so numerous that 1054 as the date of the schism becomes inadmissible." [119] Kallistos Ware agrees: "Even after 1054 friendly relations between East and West continued ...
Year 1054 was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. Events East-West ...
The divisions in Christian unity which led to the East–West Schism started to become evident as early as the 4th century. Although 1054 is the date usually given for the beginning of the Great Schism, there is, in fact, no specific date on which the schism occurred. The events leading to schism were not exclusively theological in nature.
Western Christians were allowed to visit the sacred places in the Holy Land. In 1063, Pope Alexander II had given his blessing to Iberian Christians in their wars against the Muslims, granting both a papal standard, the vexillum sancti Petri, and an indulgence to those killed in battle. Both sides of the Investiture Controversy tried to marshal ...
1054 East–West Schism split between Eastern (Orthodox Christianity) and Western (Roman Catholic) churches formalized 1058–1059 Antipope Benedict X , defeated in war with Pope Nicholas II and Normans
In Christian theology, the concept of the unity of the Church was developed by the Apostles, Holy Fathers and apologists.The greatest contribution to the doctrine of church unity was made by the apostles Peter and Paul, Ignatius of Antioch, Irenaeus of Lyons, Cyprian of Carthage, Basil the Great, Gregory the Theologian, John Chrysostom, and John of Damascus.
Byzantine Christianity influenced the church, culture, language, literacy, and literature of the Slavic countries and Russia. During the High Middle Ages, Eastern and Western Christianity had grown far enough apart that differences led to the East–West Schism of 1054.