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Individual bonds provide the ability to match the cash flows needed, which is why the term "cash flow matching" is sometimes used to describe this strategy. Because the bonds are dedicated to providing the cash flows, the term "dedicated portfolio" or “asset dedication” is sometimes used to describe the strategy.
Cash flow matching is a process of hedging in which a company or other entity matches its cash outflows (i.e., financial obligations) with its cash inflows over a given time horizon. [1] It is a subset of immunization strategies in finance. [2] Cash flow matching is of particular importance to defined benefit pension plans. [3]
Frank Redington is generally considered to be the originator of the immunization strategy. Redington was an actuary from the United Kingdom. In 1952 he published his "Review of the Principle of Life-Office Valuations," in which he defined immunization as "the investment of the assets in such a way that the existing business is immune to a general change in the rate of interest."
Cash: 8% of assets are kept in cash for years 1 and 2 of retirement. Bonds: 32% of assets are kept in bonds for years 3-10 of retirement. Stocks: 60% of assets are kept in stocks for year 11 and ...
A cash flow hedge [1] is a hedge of the exposure to the variability of cash flow that: is attributable to a particular risk associated with a recognized asset or liability. Such as all or some future interest payments on variable rate debt or a highly probable forecast transaction and; could affect profit or loss (IAS 39, §86b)
Inflation for example, although impacting all securities, [113] can be managed [114] [115] at the portfolio level by appropriately [116] increasing exposure to inflation-sensitive stocks (e.g.consumer staples), and / or by investing in tangible assets, commodities and inflation-linked bonds; the latter may also provide a direct hedge.
Fixed-Income Relative-Value Investing (FI-RV) is a hedge fund investment strategy made popular by the failed hedge fund Long-Term Capital Management. FI-RV Investors most commonly exploit interest-rate anomalies in the large, liquid markets of North America, Europe and the Pacific Rim.
For a cash flow hedge, some of the derivative volatility is placed into a separate component of the entity's equity called the cash flow hedge reserve. Where a hedge relationship is effective (meets the 80%–125% rule), most of the mark-to-market derivative volatility will be offset in the profit and loss account. Hedge accounting entails much ...