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During his childhood, Patroclus had, in anger, killed his playmate Clysonymus over a game of dice. As a result, he was exiled from his home, Opus, with Menoetius sending him to Peleus, king of Phthia and father of Achilles. [16] [17] Peleus named Patroclus Achilles's "squire", as they both grew up together and became close friends. [18]
Patroclus was a wealthy aristocrat of the city of Tricassinum (now Troyes). His parents had left him a substantial estate just outside the city, where he led a pious Christian life. He was noted for his charity and for this the Lord bestowed upon him the gift of wonderworking. [1] He is said to have converted Sabinian of Troyes.
Patroclus, the Thespian son of Heracles and Pyrippe, [1] daughter of King Thespius of Thespiae. [2] Patroclus and his 49 half-brothers were born of Thespius' daughters who were impregnated by Heracles in one night, [3] for a week [4] or in the course of 50 days [5] while hunting for the Cithaeronian lion. [6]
Achilles bandages the arm of Patroclus. The relationship between Achilles and Patroclus is a key element of the stories associated with the Trojan War.In the Iliad, Homer describes a deep and meaningful relationship between Achilles and Patroclus, where Achilles is tender toward Patroclus, but callous and arrogant toward others.
Before being killed by Hector, Patroklos was wounded by Euphorbos. Euphorbos was then killed by Menelaos during the fight for the body of Patroklos. In the scene depicted, from Iliad book 17, Hector joins the fight for the body of Patroclus just after Menelaus has killed Euphorbos and prevents Menaelaos from stripping the armour from the dead body.
At Iliad 17.474-8, Automedon, Achilles' charioteer, states that only Patroclus was able to fully control these horses. When Xanthus was rebuked by the grieving Achilles for allowing Patroclus to be slain, Hera granted Xanthus human speech allowing the horse to say that a god had killed Patroclus and that a god would soon kill Achilles too.
Only twelve days later, he faced Achilles in battle, during Achilles' terrible wrath after the death of Patroclus. Lycaon grasped Achilles' knees and begged for mercy, either in exchange for a ransom or in memory of Patroclus' gentle nature; however, neither argument swayed Achilles, who slew him without pity. [5] [6]
The Funeral Games of Patroclus is a 1778 fresco by Jacques-Louis David. It shows the funeral games for Patroclus during Trojan War . In epic poetry, athletics are used as literary tools to accentuate the themes of the epic, to advance the plot of the epic, and to provide a general historical context to the epic.