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As reciprocal IVF is a fairly new process first established in 2009, one study from 2017 found that 60% of couples undergoing IVF with an average donor age of 32 achieved pregnancy. [19] A study published in February 2018 found a 60% live birth rate in a group of 120 lesbian couples who underwent reciprocal IVF. [ 20 ]
The study determined that the risk of stillbirth per 1000 births after 40, 41 and 42 weeks of gestation were 0.42, 0.61 and 1.08, respectively. [21] Thus, it is important to acknowledge the probabilistic evidence when discussing formal medical inductions, because it highlights the how small the likelihood of having a stillbirth post-term is.
According to a study from 2021, lesbian women undergoing IUI had a clinical pregnancy rate of 13.2% per cycle and 42.2% success rate given the average number of cycles at 3.6. [33] IUI has been reported to be more effective than ICI [ 34 ] [ 35 ] but this has been contested with some citing no strong evidence to confirm a significant difference ...
Indirect costs includes the cost of addressing any complications with treatments, compensation for the gestational surrogate, patients' travel costs, and lost hours of productivity. [161] These costs can be exaggerated by the increasing age of the woman undergoing IVF treatment (particularly those over the age of 40), and the increase costs ...
In the US, the total costs for gestational surrogacy usually exceed US$100,000 per pregnancy. [19] This includes hiring an agency to find a woman willing to carry the baby, the medical and health insurance costs for the pregnancy, legal fees, and IVF to create the embryos. [19] Additionally, some people have additional fees for egg or sperm ...
The pharmaceutical company is required to conduct confirmatory studies to show the drug provides a clinical benefit. [143] The confirmatory trial, the PROLONG study, was completed in 2019 and showed no benefit in preventing preterm birth. [144] The FDA proposed withdrawal of approval for Makena in 2020. [145]
Gestational diabetes is a form of diabetes that is first diagnosed during pregnancy and can accordingly cause high blood sugar that affects the woman and the baby. [9] In 10 - 20% of women whose diet and exercise are not adequate enough to control blood sugar, insulin injections may be required to lower blood sugar levels. [ 9 ]
Medication costs can be the selling price from the manufacturer, that price together with shipping, the wholesale price, the retail price, and the dispensed price. [3]The dispensed price or prescription cost is defined as a cost which the patient has to pay to get medicines or treatments which are written as directions on prescription by a prescribers. [4]