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Ashlar (/ ˈ æ ʃ l ər /) is a cut and dressed stone, worked using a chisel to achieve a specific form, typically rectangular in shape. The term can also refer to a structure built from such stones. [1] Ashlar is the finest stone masonry unit, and is generally rectangular . It was described by Vitruvius as opus isodomum or trapezoidal.
Ashlar masonry. Stone masonry using dressed (cut) stones is known as ashlar masonry. [4] Trabeated systems. One of the oldest forms of stone construction uses a lintel (beam) laid across stone posts or columns. This method predates Stonehenge, and refined versions were used by the Egyptians, Persians, Greeks, and Romans. [4] Arch masonry.
Section of wall faced with dressed stone with rubble masonry fill The wall at Grave Circle A, Helladic cemetery of Mycenae, Greece, 16th century BCE Rubble masonry core of the unfinished Alai Minar in the Qutb complex, India, c. 1316 CE
Dry stone, sometimes called drystack or, in Scotland, drystane, is a building method by which structures are constructed from stones without any mortar to bind them together. [1] A certain amount of binding is obtained through the use of carefully selected interlocking stones.
Stonemasonry utilizing dressed stones is known as ashlar masonry, whereas masonry using irregularly shaped stones is known as rubble masonry. Both rubble and ashlar masonry can be laid in coursed rows of even height through the careful selection or cutting of stones, but a great deal of stone masonry is uncoursed.
Massive-precut stone is a modern stonemasonry method of building with load-bearing stone. [1] Precut stone is a DFMA construction method that uses large machine-cut dimension stone blocks with precisely defined dimensions to rapidly assemble buildings in which stone is used as a major or the sole load-bearing material.
Core-and-veneer, brick and rubble, wall and rubble, ashlar and rubble, and emplekton all refer to a building technique where two parallel walls are constructed and the core between them is filled with rubble or other infill, creating one thick wall. [1] Originally, and in later poorly constructed walls, the rubble was not consolidated.
Heavy ashlar stones are also bedded using a lewis. The lewis is liable to slip out of the seating if some of the weight of the stone is subtracted from the appliance, such as when the stone bumps on the scaffolding on its way up to its final location. For this reason, a safety sling should always be used together with the lewis until the stone ...